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Browsing by Subject "Neurosciences"
Now showing items 1-20 of 295
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A bidirectional switch to treat colonic dysmotility
(2023)Severe constipation can be life-threatening and disproportionately affects patients who may not benefit from conventional treatments. Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) is an alternative to laxatives and pharmaceuticals, and ... -
A Comparative Study of Habitat Complexity, Neuroanatomy, and Cognitive Behavior in Anolis Lizards
(2012)Changing environmental conditions may present substantial challenges to organisms experiencing them. In animals, the fastest way to respond to these changes is often by altering behavior. This ability, called behavioral ... -
A Computational Synthesis of Genes, Behavior, and Evolution Provides Insights into the Molecular Basis of Vocal Learning
(2012)Vocal learning is the ability modify vocal output based on auditory input and is the basis of human speech acquisition. It is shared by few distantly related bird and mammal orders, and is thus very likely to be an example ... -
A Data-Driven Approach to Uncovering the Neural Dynamics of Anxiety
(2022)Anxiety is a behavioral state induced by low-threat, uncertain situations in which perceived danger is diffuse. The anxiety state is then accompanied by increased vigilance and risk assessment to one’s surroundings. Recent ... -
A Genetic Analysis of the MicroRNA miR-133b in the Mammalian Nervous System
(2011)The development and function of the nervous system relies on complex regulation of gene expression programs. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs that have diverse functions in mammalian development and disease. In concert ... -
A New Experimental and Conceptual Approach to Understanding the Ventral Tegmental Area and Its Regulation of Motivated Behaviors
(2021)Motivated behaviors are essential for the survival and maintenance of life. The ventral tegmental area (VTA) is a midbrain region that has been implicated in motivational processes, such as seeking reward and ... -
A Novel Experimental Method for Measuring Proactive and Reactive Responses to Threat and an Examination of Their Personality and Neural Correlates
(2015)The goal of this dissertation is to characterize goal directed proactive behavioral responses to threat as well as reactive responses to threat exposure, and to identify the neural and personality correlates of individual ... -
A Novel Function of Giant Ankyrin-G in Promoting the Formation of Somatodendritic GABAA Receptor Synaptogenesis
(2014)The formation and retention of distinct membrane domains in the fluidic membrane bilayer is the key process in establishing spatial organization for mediating physiological functions in metazoans. The spectrin-ankyrin network ... -
A Pathway from the Midbrain to the Striatum is Critical to Multiple Forms of Vocal Learning and Modification in the Songbird
(2017)Many of the skills we value most as humans, such as speech and learning to play musical instruments, are learned in the absence of external reinforcement. However, the model systems most commonly used to study motor learning ... -
A Shared Neural Substrate for Diverse General Anesthetics and Sleep
(2019)Ever since the initial discovery of general anesthetics almost 170 years ago, how general anesthesia (GA) induces loss of consciousness remains a century-long mystery. In addition, whether diverse anesthetic drugs and sleep ... -
A Three-Molecule Model of Structural Plasticity: the Role of the Rho family GTPases in Local Biochemical Computation in Dendrites
(2015)It has long been appreciated that the process of learning might invoke a physical change in the brain, establishing a lasting trace of experience. Recent evidence has revealed that this change manifests, at least in part, ... -
Advances in Color Science: From Retina to Behavior (vol 30, pg 14955, 2010)
(JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE, 2010-12-08) -
Affective Modulation of Executive Control
(2013)Emotions are pervasive in daily life, and a rich literature has documented how emotional stimuli and events disrupt ongoing processing and place heightened demands on control. Yet the executive control mechanisms ... -
Age-Related Differences in Mnemonic Neural Representations: Perceptual and Semantic Contributions
(2020)Preliminary evidence demonstrates that age-related differences in episodic memory performance become greater in tasks that have greater perceptual demands (e.g., task stimuli are visually degraded), but are attenuated in ... -
Age-related Differences in the Neural Mechanisms of Episodic Memory: Representational and Network Analyses
(2023)Advanced age is associated with substantial changes in the brain. These changes can be attributed to many difference sources, such as detrimental effects of aging, brain’s compensatory responses to such negative effects, ... -
Amyloid Precursor Protein-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms in Hypoxia-Induced Axonopathy
(2012)Hypoxia is a profound stressor of the central nervous system implicated in numerous neurodegenerative diseases. While it is increasingly evident that the early effects of hypoxia cause impairment at the level of the axon, ... -
An Actor-Critic Circuit in the Songbird Enables Vocal Learning
(2020)The ability to learn and to modify complex vocal sequences requires extensive practice coupled with performance evaluation through auditory feedback. An efficient solution to the challenge of vocal learning, stemming from ... -
An electrophysiological basis for human memory
(2022)Memory is a fundamentally important process that guides our future behavior based on past experience. Its importance is underscored by the fact that a major feature of many neurodegenerative disorders is memory loss, which ... -
An in vitro model of the brain tissue reaction to chronically implanted recording electrodes reveals essential roles for serum and bFGF in glial scarring
(2009)Chronically implanted recording electrode arrays linked to prosthetics have the potential to make positive impacts on patients suffering from full or partial paralysis [1;2]. Such arrays are implanted into the patient's ...
