Browsing by Subject "Population Dynamics"
Now showing items 1-20 of 30
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An age-structured extension to the vectorial capacity model.
(PLoS One, 2012)BACKGROUND: Vectorial capacity and the basic reproductive number (R(0)) have been instrumental in structuring thinking about vector-borne pathogen transmission and how best to prevent the diseases they cause. One of the ... -
Are the native giant tortoises from the Seychelles really extinct? A genetic perspective based on mtDNA and microsatellite data.
(Mol Ecol, 2003-06)The extinction of the giant tortoises of the Seychelles Archipelago has long been suspected but is not beyond doubt. A recent morphological study of the giant tortoises of the western Indian Ocean concluded that specimens ... -
Capacity shortfalls hinder the performance of marine protected areas globally.
(Nature, 2017-03-22)Marine protected areas (MPAs) are increasingly being used globally to conserve marine resources. However, whether many MPAs are being effectively and equitably managed, and how MPA management influences substantive outcomes ... -
Decoupling the effects of logging and hunting on an afrotropical animal community.
(Ecol Appl, 2011-07)In tropical forests, hunting nearly always accompanies logging. The entangled nature of these disturbances complicates our ability to resolve applied questions, such as whether secondary and degraded forest can ... -
Eco-evolutionary feedbacks in community and ecosystem ecology: interactions between the ecological theatre and the evolutionary play.
(Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 2009-06-12)Interactions between natural selection and environmental change are well recognized and sit at the core of ecology and evolutionary biology. Reciprocal interactions between ecology and evolution, eco-evolutionary feedbacks, ... -
Ecological feedback in quorum-sensing microbial populations can induce heterogeneous production of autoinducers.
(eLife, 2017-07-25)Autoinducers are small signaling molecules that mediate intercellular communication in microbial populations and trigger coordinated gene expression via 'quorum sensing'. Elucidating the mechanisms that control autoinducer ... -
Elevational ranges of birds on a tropical montane gradient lag behind warming temperatures.
(PloS one, 2011-01)<h4>Background</h4>Species may respond to a warming climate by moving to higher latitudes or elevations. Shifts in geographic ranges are common responses in temperate regions. For the tropics, latitudinal temperature gradients ... -
Experimental evaluation of evolution and coevolution as agents of ecosystem change in Trinidadian streams.
(Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 2009-06-12)Evolution has been shown to be a critical determinant of ecological processes in some systems, but its importance relative to traditional ecological effects is not well known. In addition, almost nothing is known about the ... -
Impact of simian immunodeficiency virus infection on chimpanzee population dynamics.
(PLoS Pathog, 2010-09-23)Like human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), simian immunodeficiency virus of chimpanzees (SIVcpz) can cause CD4+ T cell loss and premature death. Here, we used molecular surveillance tools and mathematical modeling ... -
Impacts of shrub encroachment on ecosystem structure and functioning: towards a global synthesis
(Ecology Letters, 2011)Encroachment of woody plants into grasslands has generated considerable interest among ecologists. Syntheses of encroachment effects on ecosystem processes have been limited in extent and confined largely to pastoral land ... -
Implications of long-term care capacity response policies for an aging population: a simulation analysis.
(Health policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 2014-05)<h4>Introduction</h4>The demand for long-term care (LTC) services is likely to increase as a population ages. Keeping pace with rising demand for LTC poses a key challenge for health systems and policymakers, who may be ... -
Inference for nonlinear epidemiological models using genealogies and time series.
(PLoS Comput Biol, 2011-08)Phylodynamics - the field aiming to quantitatively integrate the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of rapidly evolving populations like those of RNA viruses - increasingly relies upon coalescent approaches to infer past ... -
Migration and fishing in Indonesian coastal villages.
(Ambio, 2002-06)The coastal ecosystems in Southeast Asia are under increased pressure from local and global change. This paper examines human migration and the use of marine resources in coastal villages in the Minahasa district of North ... -
Natal emigration by both sexes in the La Pacifica population of mantled howlers: when do some stay?
(Am J Primatol, 2008-02)We have reported previously that all male and female mantled howlers emigrate from natal groups at Hacienda La Pacifica, Costa Rica. In the years since that report, a small number of juveniles have stayed in the natal group ... -
Quantitative analysis of forest fragmentation in the atlantic forest reveals more threatened bird species than the current red list.
(PloS one, 2013-01)Habitat loss and attendant fragmentation threaten the existence of many species. Conserving these species requires a straightforward and objective method that quantifies how these factors affect their survival. Therefore, ... -
Reconciling phylodynamics with epidemiology: the case of dengue virus in southern Vietnam.
(Mol Biol Evol, 2014-02)Coalescent methods are widely used to infer the demographic history of populations from gene genealogies. These approaches-often referred to as phylodynamic methods-have proven especially useful for reconstructing the dynamics ... -
Reproduction and population growth in free-ranging mantled howling monkeys.
(Am J Phys Anthropol, 1980-07)Free-ranging mantled howling monkey (Alouatta palliata Gray) females experienced a regular estrus cycle averaging 16.3 days, demonstrated sexual skin changes, and participated in multiple matings before becoming pregnant. ... -
Reproductive improvement and senescence in a long-lived bird.
(Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2010-04-27)Heterogeneity within a population is a pervasive challenge for studies of individual life-histories. Population-level patterns in age-specific reproductive success can be broken down into relative contributions from selective ... -
Rise, stagnation, and rise of Danish women's life expectancy.
(Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2016-04-12)Health conditions change from year to year, with a general tendency in many countries for improvement. These conditions also change from one birth cohort to another: some generations suffer more adverse events in childhood, ... -
Savanna elephant numbers are only a quarter of their expected values.
(PloS one, 2017-01)Savannas once constituted the range of many species that human encroachment has now reduced to a fraction of their former distribution. Many survive only in protected areas. Poaching reduces the savanna elephant, even where ...
