Browsing by Subject "Protein Processing, Post-Translational"
Now showing items 1-20 of 20
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A Sweet Embrace: Control of Protein-Protein Interactions by O-Linked β-N-Acetylglucosamine.
(Biochemistry, 2018-01)O-Linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a critical post-translational modification (PTM) of thousands of intracellular proteins. Reversible O-GlcNAcylation governs many aspects of cell physiology and is dysregulated ... -
Allylation of intraerythrocytic hemoglobin by raw garlic extracts.
(J Med Food, 2010-08)Recent studies have shown that deoxygenated human red blood cells (RBCs) converted garlic-derived polysulfides into hydrogen sulfide, which in turn produced vasorelaxation in aortic ring preparations. The vasoactivity was ... -
Anti-inflammatory effects of progesterone in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV-2 microglia.
(PLoS One, 2014)Female sex is associated with improved outcome in experimental brain injury models, such as traumatic brain injury, ischemic stroke, and intracerebral hemorrhage. This implies female gonadal steroids may be neuroprotective. ... -
Dynamic Glycosylation Governs the Vertebrate COPII Protein Trafficking Pathway.
(Biochemistry, 2018-01)The COPII coat complex, which mediates secretory cargo trafficking from the endoplasmic reticulum, is a key control point for subcellular protein targeting. Because misdirected proteins cannot function, protein sorting by ... -
Experimental inhibition of porcupine-mediated Wnt O-acylation attenuates kidney fibrosis.
(Kidney Int, 2016-05)Activated Wnt signaling is critical in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis, a final common pathway for most forms of chronic kidney disease. Therapeutic intervention by inhibition of individual Wnts or downstream Wnt/β-catenin ... -
In vivo inhibition of elevated myocardial beta-adrenergic receptor kinase activity in hybrid transgenic mice restores normal beta-adrenergic signaling and function.
(Circulation, 1999-08-10)BACKGROUND: The clinical syndrome of heart failure (HF) is characterized by an impaired cardiac beta-adrenergic receptor (betaAR) system, which is critical in the regulation of myocardial function. Expression of the betaAR ... -
Loss of tumor suppressor IGFBP4 drives epigenetic reprogramming in hepatic carcinogenesis.
(Nucleic acids research, 2018-09)Genomic sequencing of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) uncovers a paucity of actionable mutations, underscoring the necessity to exploit epigenetic vulnerabilities for therapeutics. In HCC, EZH2-mediated H3K27me3 represents ... -
Metabolic cross-talk allows labeling of O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine-modified proteins via the N-acetylgalactosamine salvage pathway.
(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011-02-07)Hundreds of mammalian nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins are reversibly glycosylated by O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) to regulate their function, localization, and stability. Despite its broad functional significance, ... -
Metabolic labeling enables selective photocrosslinking of O-GlcNAc-modified proteins to their binding partners.
(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2012-03-12)O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a reversible posttranslational modification found on hundreds of nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins in higher eukaryotes. Despite its ubiquity and essentiality in mammals, functional ... -
NgBR is essential for endothelial cell glycosylation and vascular development.
(EMBO Rep, 2016-02)NgBR is a transmembrane protein identified as a Nogo-B-interacting protein and recently has been shown to be a subunit required for cis-prenyltransferase (cisPTase) activity. To investigate the integrated role of NgBR in ... -
Novel inhibitory action of tunicamycin homologues suggests a role for dynamic protein fatty acylation in growth cone-mediated neurite extension.
(J Cell Biol, 1994-02)In neuronal growth cones, the advancing tips of elongating axons and dendrites, specific protein substrates appear to undergo cycles of posttranslational modification by covalent attachment and removal of long-chain fatty ... -
O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine modification of proteins is activated in post-ischemic brains of young but not aged mice: Implications for impaired functional recovery from ischemic stress.
(Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2016-02)To evaluate the effect of age on the response of brains to an ischemic challenge, we subjected young and aged mice to transient forebrain ischemia, and analyzed the heat shock response and unfolded protein response, ubiquitin ... -
Post-translational aging of proteins in osteoarthritic cartilage and synovial fluid as measured by isomerized aspartate.
(Arthritis Res Ther, 2009)INTRODUCTION: Aging proteins undergo non-enzymatic post-translational modification, including isomerization and racemization. We hypothesized that cartilage with many long-lived components could accumulate non-enzymatically ... -
Posttranslational membrane attachment and dynamic fatty acylation of a neuronal growth cone protein, GAP-43.
(The Journal of cell biology, 1989-02)Growth cones, the motile apparatus at the ends of elongating axons, are sites of extensive and dynamic membrane-cytoskeletal interaction and insertion of new membrane into the growing axon. One of the most abundant proteins ... -
Retrotransposons Are the Major Contributors to the Expansion of the Drosophila ananassae Muller F Element.
(G3 (Bethesda, Md.), 2017-08-07)The discordance between genome size and the complexity of eukaryotes can partly be attributed to differences in repeat density. The Muller F element (∼5.2 Mb) is the smallest chromosome in Drosophila melanogaster, but it ... -
SHP-1 as a critical regulator of Mycoplasma pneumoniae-induced inflammation in human asthmatic airway epithelial cells.
(Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2012-04)Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease in which airway epithelial cells are the first line of defense against exposure of the airway to infectious agents. Src homology protein (SHP)-1, a protein tyrosine phosphatase, is ... -
Site-specific glycosylation regulates the form and function of the intermediate filament cytoskeleton.
(eLife, 2018-03-07)Intermediate filaments (IF) are a major component of the metazoan cytoskeleton and are essential for normal cell morphology, motility, and signal transduction. Dysregulation of IFs causes a wide range of human diseases, ... -
Targeting phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor-2α to treat human disease.
(Progress in molecular biology and translational science, 2012-01)The unfolded protein response, also known as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, has been implicated in numerous human diseases, including atherosclerosis, cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. Protein misfolding ... -
Three periods of regulatory innovation during vertebrate evolution.
(Science (New York, N.Y.), 2011-08)The gain, loss, and modification of gene regulatory elements may underlie a substantial proportion of phenotypic changes on animal lineages. To investigate the gain of regulatory elements throughout vertebrate evolution, ... -
Wnt Protein Signaling Reduces Nuclear Acetyl-CoA Levels to Suppress Gene Expression during Osteoblast Differentiation.
(J Biol Chem, 2016-06-17)Developmental signals in metazoans play critical roles in inducing cell differentiation from multipotent progenitors. The existing paradigm posits that the signals operate directly through their downstream transcription ...
