Browsing by Subject "Selection, Genetic"
Now showing items 1-19 of 19
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A high-resolution map of human evolutionary constraint using 29 mammals.
(Nature, 2011-10-12)The comparison of related genomes has emerged as a powerful lens for genome interpretation. Here we report the sequencing and comparative analysis of 29 eutherian genomes. We confirm that at least 5.5% of the human genome ... -
A refined model of the genomic basis for phenotypic variation in vertebrate hemostasis.
(BMC Evol Biol, 2015-06-30)BACKGROUND: Hemostasis is a defense mechanism that enhances an organism's survival by minimizing blood loss upon vascular injury. In vertebrates, hemostasis has been evolving with the cardio-vascular and hemodynamic systems ... -
Birth cohort differences in the prevalence of longevity-associated variants in APOE and FOXO3A in Danish long-lived individuals.
(Exp Gerontol, 2014-09)Gene variants found to associate with human longevity in one population rarely replicate in other populations. The lack of consistent findings may partly be explained by genetic heterogeneity among long-lived individuals ... -
Comparative genomics based on massive parallel transcriptome sequencing reveals patterns of substitution and selection across 10 bird species.
(Mol Ecol, 2010-03)Next-generation sequencing technology provides an attractive means to obtain large-scale sequence data necessary for comparative genomic analysis. To analyse the patterns of mutation rate variation and selection intensity ... -
Comparative genomics reveals insights into avian genome evolution and adaptation.
(Science, 2014-12-12)Birds are the most species-rich class of tetrapod vertebrates and have wide relevance across many research fields. We explored bird macroevolution using full genomes from 48 avian species representing all major extant clades. ... -
Drosophila muller f elements maintain a distinct set of genomic properties over 40 million years of evolution.
(G3 (Bethesda, Md.), 2015-03-04)The Muller F element (4.2 Mb, ~80 protein-coding genes) is an unusual autosome of Drosophila melanogaster; it is mostly heterochromatic with a low recombination rate. To investigate how these properties impact the evolution ... -
Evidence for GC-biased gene conversion as a driver of between-lineage differences in avian base composition.
(Genome Biol, 2014)BACKGROUND: While effective population size (Ne) and life history traits such as generation time are known to impact substitution rates, their potential effects on base composition evolution are less well understood. GC ... -
Four reasons for scepticism about a human major transition in social individuality.
(Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2023-03)The 'major transitions in evolution' are mainly about the rise of hierarchy, new individuals arising at ever higher levels of nestedness, in particular the eukaryotic cell arising from prokaryotes, multicellular individuals ... -
Functional evolution of mammalian odorant receptors.
(2012)The ability to detect small volatile molecules in the environment is mediated by the large repertoire of odorant receptors (ORs) in each species. The mammalian OR repertoire is an attractive model to study evolution because ... -
Gene loss, adaptive evolution and the co-evolution of plumage coloration genes with opsins in birds.
(BMC Genomics, 2015-10-06)BACKGROUND: The wide range of complex photic systems observed in birds exemplifies one of their key evolutionary adaptions, a well-developed visual system. However, genomic approaches have yet to be used to disentangle the ... -
Human genomic regions with exceptionally high levels of population differentiation identified from 911 whole-genome sequences.
(Genome biology, 2014-06-30)BACKGROUND:Population differentiation has proved to be effective for identifying loci under geographically localized positive selection, and has the potential to identify loci subject to balancing selection. We have previously ... -
IDH1(R132) mutation identified in one human melanoma metastasis, but not correlated with metastases to the brain.
(Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 2010-07-13)Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) are enzymes which convert isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate while reducing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+to NADPH). IDH1/2 were ... -
Mutation accumulation may be a minor force in shaping life history traits.
(PLoS One, 2012)Is senescence the adaptive result of tradeoffs between younger and older ages or the nonadaptive burden of deleterious mutations that act at older ages? To shed new light on this unresolved question we combine adaptive and ... -
Strong Selection at MHC in Mexicans since Admixture.
(PLoS genetics, 2016-02-10)Mexicans are a recent admixture of Amerindians, Europeans, and Africans. We performed local ancestry analysis of Mexican samples from two genome-wide association studies obtained from dbGaP, and discovered that at the MHC ... -
The genetics of sex ratio distortion by cytoplasmic infection under maternal and contagious transmission: an epidemiological study.
(Theoretical population biology, 1978-12)Nuclear and cytoplasmic determinants jointly influence the sex ratio in several organisms. A mathematical model of a maternally inherited extra-chromosomal agent that affects the fitness of its carriers and distorts the ... -
Theories of kin and group selection: a population genetics perspective.
(Theoretical population biology, 1980-06) -
Thousands of human mobile element fragments undergo strong purifying selection near developmental genes.
(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2007-05)At least 5% of the human genome predating the mammalian radiation is thought to have evolved under purifying selection, yet protein-coding and related untranslated exons occupy at most 2% of the genome. Thus, the majority ... -
Three periods of regulatory innovation during vertebrate evolution.
(Science (New York, N.Y.), 2011-08)The gain, loss, and modification of gene regulatory elements may underlie a substantial proportion of phenotypic changes on animal lineages. To investigate the gain of regulatory elements throughout vertebrate evolution, ... -
Transmission of single HIV-1 genomes and dynamics of early immune escape revealed by ultra-deep sequencing.
(PLoS One, 2010-08-20)We used ultra-deep sequencing to obtain tens of thousands of HIV-1 sequences from regions targeted by CD8+ T lymphocytes from longitudinal samples from three acutely infected subjects, and modeled viral evolution during ...
