Browsing by Subject "United States"
Now showing items 1-20 of 424
-
5-α reductase inhibitors and prostate cancer prevention: where do we turn now?
(BMC Med, 2011-09-15)With the lifetime risk of being diagnosed with prostate cancer so great, an effective chemopreventive agent could have a profound impact on the lives of men. Despite decades of searching for such an agent, physicians still ... -
A case-control study of airways obstruction among construction workers.
(Am J Ind Med, 2015-10)BACKGROUND: While smoking is the major cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), occupational exposures to vapors, gases, dusts, and fumes (VGDF) increase COPD risk. This case-control study estimated the risk ... -
A dimensional approach to understanding severity estimates and risk correlates of marijuana abuse and dependence in adults.
(International journal of methods in psychiatric research, 2012-06)While item response theory (IRT) research shows a latent severity trait underlying response patterns of substance abuse and dependence symptoms, little is known about IRT-based severity estimates in relation to clinically ... -
A framework for revising preservice curriculum for nonphysician clinicians: The mozambique experience.
(Educ Health (Abingdon), 2014-09)Mozambique, with approximately 0.4 physicians and 4.1 nurses per 10,000 people, has one of the lowest ratios of health care providers to population in the world. To rapidly scale up health care coverage, the Mozambique Ministry ... -
A housing mobility program's impacts on teen and young adult parenting.
(SSM - population health, 2019-12)Objective:To assess the impact of Moving to Opportunity for Fair Housing Demonstration Program (MTO) implemented in 1994 in five U.S. cities (Baltimore, Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, and New York City) on teen births. Methods:We ... -
A minimal monitoring approach for the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection (ACTG A5360 [MINMON]): a phase 4, open-label, single-arm trial.
(The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 2022-04)<h4>Background</h4>Despite widespread availability of direct-acting antivirals including generic formulations, limited progress has been made in the global adoption of hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment. Barriers to treatment ... -
A Pharmacology-Based Enrichment Program for Undergraduates Promotes Interest in Science.
(CBE Life Sci Educ, 2015)There is a strong need to increase the number of undergraduate students who pursue careers in science to provide the "fuel" that will power a science and technology-driven U.S. economy. Prior research suggests that both ... -
A putatively functional polymorphism in the HTR2C gene is associated with depressive symptoms in white females reporting significant life stress.
(PloS one, 2014-01)Psychosocial stress is well known to be positively associated with subsequent depressive symptoms. Cortisol response to stress may be one of a number of biological mechanisms that links psychological stress to depressive ... -
A qualitative analysis of the Three Good Things intervention in healthcare workers.
(BMJ open, 2017-06-13)BACKGROUND:Intensive care unit (ICU) personnel have an elevated prevalence of job-related burn-out and post-traumatic stress disorder, which can ultimately impact patient care. To strengthen healthcare workers' skills to ... -
A risk score for in-hospital death in patients admitted with ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke.
(J Am Heart Assoc, 2013-01-28)BACKGROUND: We aimed to derive and validate a single risk score for predicting death from ischemic stroke (IS), intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). METHODS AND RESULTS: Data from 333 865 stroke ... -
A Structured Approach to Detecting and Treating Depression in Primary Care: VitalSign6 Project.
(Annals of family medicine, 2019-07)<h4>Purpose</h4>This report describes outcomes of an ongoing quality-improvement project (VitalSign6) in a large US metropolitan area to improve recognition, treatment, and outcomes of depressed patients in 16 primary care ... -
A tale of two callings.
(J Clin Invest, 2011-10) -
Absence of July Phenomenon in Acute Ischemic Stroke Care Quality and Outcomes.
(Journal of the American Heart Association, 2018-01-31)BACKGROUND:Lower care quality and an increase in adverse outcomes as a result of new medical trainees is a concept well rooted in popular belief, termed the "July phenomenon." Whether this phenomenon occurs in acute ischemic ... -
Abuse and dependence on prescription opioids in adults: a mixture categorical and dimensional approach to diagnostic classification.
(Psychological medicine, 2011-03)For the emerging DSM-V, it has been recommended that dimensional and categorical methods be used simultaneously in diagnostic classification; however, little is known about this combined approach for abuse and dependence.Using ... -
Acquisition, Analysis, and Sharing of Data in 2015 and Beyond: A Survey of the Landscape: A Conference Report From the American Heart Association Data Summit 2015.
(J Am Heart Assoc, 2015-11-05)BACKGROUND: A 1.5-day interactive forum was convened to discuss critical issues in the acquisition, analysis, and sharing of data in the field of cardiovascular and stroke science. The discussion will serve as the foundation ... -
Adherence to diabetes guidelines for screening, physical activity and medication and onset of complications and death.
(J Diabetes Complications, 2015-11)AIMS: Analyze relationships between adherence to guidelines for diabetes care - regular screening; physical activity; and medication - and diabetes complications and mortality. METHODS: Outcomes were onset of congestive ... -
Adoption of direct-acting antiviral medications for hepatitis C: a retrospective observational study.
(BMC health services research, 2019-07-25)<h4>Background</h4>Approximately 3.5 million Americans are infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Although many patients with HCV are asymptomatic, HCV is the leading cause of infection-related death in the U.S. With ... -
Age patterns of incidence of geriatric disease in the U.S. elderly population: Medicare-based analysis.
(J Am Geriatr Soc, 2012-02)OBJECTIVES: To use the Medicare Files of Service Use (MFSU) to evaluate patterns in the incidence of aging-related diseases in the U.S. elderly population. DESIGN: Age-specific incidence rates of 19 aging-related diseases ... -
Alcohol and drug dependence symptom items as brief screeners for substance use disorders: results from the Clinical Trials Network.
(Journal of psychiatric research, 2012-03)AIM:To address an urgent need for screening of substance use problems in medical settings, we examined substance-specific dependence criteria as potential brief screeners for the detection of patients with a substance use ... -
Alcohol and drug use disorders among adults in emergency department settings in the United States.
(Annals of emergency medicine, 2012-08)Improving identification and treatment for substance use disorders is a national priority, but data about various drug use disorders encountered in emergency departments (EDs) are lacking. We examine past-year substance ...
