Browsing by Subject "Viral Load"
Now showing items 1-20 of 28
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Activity of Galidesivir in a Hamster Model of SARS-CoV-2.
(Viruses, 2021-12-21)Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has claimed the lives of millions of people worldwide since it first emerged. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on public health and the global economy has highlighted the medical need ... -
Common genetic variation and the control of HIV-1 in humans.
(PLoS Genet, 2009-12)To extend the understanding of host genetic determinants of HIV-1 control, we performed a genome-wide association study in a cohort of 2,554 infected Caucasian subjects. The study was powered to detect common genetic variants ... -
Comparison of Detection Limits of Fourth- and Fifth-Generation Combination HIV Antigen-Antibody, p24 Antigen, and Viral Load Assays on Diverse HIV Isolates.
(Journal of clinical microbiology, 2018-08)Detection of acute HIV infection is critical for HIV public health and diagnostics. Clinical fourth-generation antigen (Ag)/antibody (Ab) combination (combo) and p24 Ag immunoassays have enhanced detection of acute infection ... -
Cross-platform analysis of HIV-1 RNA data generated by a multicenter assay validation study with wide geographic representation.
(J Clin Microbiol, 2012-08)HIV-1 RNA quantitation continues to be extremely important for monitoring patients infected with HIV-1, and a number of assays have been utilized for this purpose. Differences in assay performance with respect to log(10) ... -
Durability of antiretroviral therapy and predictors of virologic failure among perinatally HIV-infected children in Tanzania: a four-year follow-up.
(BMC Infect Dis, 2014-11-07)BACKGROUND: In Tanzania, HIV-1 RNA testing is rarely available and not standard of care. Determining virologic failure is challenging and resistance mutations accumulate, thereby compromising second-line therapy. We evaluated ... -
Early versus delayed fixed dose combination abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine in patients with HIV and tuberculosis in Tanzania.
(AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses, 2009-12)Fixed dose combination abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine (ABC/3TC/ZDV) among HIV-1 and tuberculosis (TB)-coinfected patients was evaluated and outcomes between early vs. delayed initiation were compared. In a randomized, pilot ... -
Effective treatment of SIVcpz-induced immunodeficiency in a captive western chimpanzee.
(Retrovirology, 2017-06-02)Simian immunodeficiency virus of chimpanzees (SIVcpz), the progenitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), is associated with increased mortality and AIDS-like immunopathology in wild-living chimpanzees ... -
Genome-wide mRNA expression correlates of viral control in CD4+ T-cells from HIV-1-infected individuals.
(PLoS Pathog, 2010-02-26)There is great interindividual variability in HIV-1 viral setpoint after seroconversion, some of which is known to be due to genetic differences among infected individuals. Here, our focus is on determining, genome-wide, ... -
HLA class II-Restricted CD8+ T cells in HIV-1 Virus Controllers.
(Scientific reports, 2019-07-15)A paradigm shifting study demonstrated that induction of MHC class E and II-restricted CD8+ T cells was associated with the clearance of SIV infection in rhesus macaques. Another recent study highlighted the presence of ... -
Host determinants of HIV-1 control in African Americans.
(J Infect Dis, 2010-04-15)We performed a whole-genome association study of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) set point among a cohort of African Americans (n = 515), and an intronic single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the HLA-B gene ... -
Implementation of a Pooled Surveillance Testing Program for Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections on a College Campus - Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, August 2-October 11, 2020.
(MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 2020-11-20)On university campuses and in similar congregate environments, surveillance testing of asymptomatic persons is a critical strategy (1,2) for preventing transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease ... -
In vitro and in vivo functions of SARS-CoV-2 infection-enhancing and neutralizing antibodies
(Cell, 2021)SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) protect against COVID-19. A concern regarding SARS-CoV-2 antibodies is whether they mediate disease enhancement. Here, we isolated NAbs against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) ... -
Influence of HLA-C expression level on HIV control.
(Science, 2013-04-05)A variant upstream of human leukocyte antigen C (HLA-C) shows the most significant genome-wide effect on HIV control in European Americans and is also associated with the level of HLA-C expression. We characterized ... -
Initial antibodies binding to HIV-1 gp41 in acutely infected subjects are polyreactive and highly mutated.
(J Exp Med, 2011-10-24)The initial antibody response to HIV-1 is targeted to envelope (Env) gp41, and is nonneutralizing and ineffective in controlling viremia. To understand the origins and characteristics of gp41-binding antibodies produced ... -
Lopinavir/ritonavir monotherapy after virologic failure of first-line antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited settings.
(AIDS, 2012-07-17)OBJECTIVE: To evaluate virologic response rates of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) monotherapy as second-line antiretroviral treatment (ART) among adults in resource-limited settings (RLSs). DESIGN: An open-label pilot study ... -
Lopinavir/Ritonavir Monotherapy as Second-line Antiretroviral Treatment in Resource-Limited Settings: Week 104 Analysis of AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) A5230.
(Clin Infect Dis, 2015-05-15)BACKGROUND: The AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) A5230 study evaluated lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) monotherapy following virologic failure (VF) on first-line human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) regimens in Africa and Asia. ... -
Multiple HIV-1-specific IgG3 responses decline during acute HIV-1: implications for detection of incident HIV infection.
(AIDS, 2011-11-13)OBJECTIVE: Different HIV-1 antigen specificities appear in sequence after HIV-1 transmission and the immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass responses to HIV antigens are distinct from each other. The initial predominant IgG subclass ... -
Pairing QuantiFERON gold in-tube with opt-out HIV testing in a tuberculosis contact investigation in the Southeastern United States.
(AIDS Patient Care STDS, 2010-09)Knowing one's HIV status is particularly important in the setting of recent tuberculosis (TB) exposure. Blood tests for assessment of tuberculosis infection, such as the QuantiFERON Gold in-tube test (QFT; Cellestis Limited, ... -
Postnatally-transmitted HIV-1 Envelope variants have similar neutralization-sensitivity and function to that of nontransmitted breast milk variants.
(Retrovirology, 2013-01-10)BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding is a leading cause of infant HIV-1 infection in the developing world, yet only a minority of infants exposed to HIV-1 via breastfeeding become infected. As a genetic bottleneck severely restricts ... -
Safety and efficacy of CMX001 as salvage therapy for severe adenovirus infections in immunocompromised patients.
(Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, 2012-05)No therapeutic agent has yet been established as the definitive therapy for adenovirus infections. We describe the clinical experience of 13 immunocompromised patients who received CMX001 (hexadecyloxypropyl cidofovir), ...
