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Cross-hemispheric collaboration and segregation associated with task difficulty as revealed by structural and functional connectivity.

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Date
2015-05-27
Authors
Davis, Simon W
Cabeza, Roberto
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Abstract
Although it is known that brain regions in one hemisphere may interact very closely with their corresponding contralateral regions (collaboration) or operate relatively independent of them (segregation), the specific brain regions (where) and conditions (how) associated with collaboration or segregation are largely unknown. We investigated these issues using a split field-matching task in which participants matched the meaning of words or the visual features of faces presented to the same (unilateral) or to different (bilateral) visual fields. Matching difficulty was manipulated by varying the semantic similarity of words or the visual similarity of faces. We assessed the white matter using the fractional anisotropy (FA) measure provided by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and cross-hemispheric communication in terms of fMRI-based connectivity between homotopic pairs of cortical regions. For both perceptual and semantic matching, bilateral trials became faster than unilateral trials as difficulty increased (bilateral processing advantage, BPA). The study yielded three novel findings. First, whereas FA in anterior corpus callosum (genu) correlated with word-matching BPA, FA in posterior corpus callosum (splenium-occipital) correlated with face-matching BPA. Second, as matching difficulty intensified, cross-hemispheric functional connectivity (CFC) increased in domain-general frontopolar cortex (for both word and face matching) but decreased in domain-specific ventral temporal lobe regions (temporal pole for word matching and fusiform gyrus for face matching). Last, a mediation analysis linking DTI and fMRI data showed that CFC mediated the effect of callosal FA on BPA. These findings clarify the mechanisms by which the hemispheres interact to perform complex cognitive tasks.
Type
Journal article
Subject
connectivity
diffusion
face processing
interhemispheric
semantic memory
white matter
Brain Mapping
Cerebrum
Corpus Callosum
Diffusion Tensor Imaging
Female
Functional Laterality
Humans
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Neural Pathways
Photic Stimulation
Psychomotor Performance
Reaction Time
Young Adult
Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/10161/10282
Published Version (Please cite this version)
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0464-15.2015
Publication Info
Davis, Simon W; & Cabeza, Roberto (2015). Cross-hemispheric collaboration and segregation associated with task difficulty as revealed by structural and functional connectivity. J Neurosci, 35(21). pp. 8191-8200. 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0464-15.2015. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/10282.
This is constructed from limited available data and may be imprecise. To cite this article, please review & use the official citation provided by the journal.
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Scholars@Duke

Cabeza

Roberto Cabeza

Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience
My laboratory investigates the neural correlates of memory and cognition in young and older adults using fMRI. We have three main lines of research: First, we distinguish the neural correlates of various episodic memory processes. For example, we have compared encoding vs. retrieval, item vs. source memory, recall vs. recognition, true vs. false memory, and emotional vs. nonemotional memory. We are particularly interested in the contribution of prefrontal cortex (PFC) and medial temporal lobe (M
Davis

Simon Wilton Davis

Assistant Professor in Neurology
My research centers around the use of structural and functional imaging measures to study the shifts in network architecture in the aging brain. I am specifically interested in changes in how changes in structural and functional connectivity associated with aging impact the semantic retrieval of word or fact knowledge. Currently this involves asking why older adults have particular difficulty in certain kinds of semantic retrieval, despite the fact that vocabularies and knowledge stores typic
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