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To grow or not to grow: nutritional control of development during Caenorhabditis elegans L1 arrest.

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Date
2013-07
Author
Baugh, L Ryan
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Abstract
It is widely appreciated that larvae of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans arrest development by forming dauer larvae in response to multiple unfavorable environmental conditions. C. elegans larvae can also reversibly arrest development earlier, during the first larval stage (L1), in response to starvation. "L1 arrest" (also known as "L1 diapause") occurs without morphological modification but is accompanied by increased stress resistance. Caloric restriction and periodic fasting can extend adult lifespan, and developmental models are critical to understanding how the animal is buffered from fluctuations in nutrient availability, impacting lifespan. L1 arrest provides an opportunity to study nutritional control of development. Given its relevance to aging, diabetes, obesity and cancer, interest in L1 arrest is increasing, and signaling pathways and gene regulatory mechanisms controlling arrest and recovery have been characterized. Insulin-like signaling is a critical regulator, and it is modified by and acts through microRNAs. DAF-18/PTEN, AMP-activated kinase and fatty acid biosynthesis are also involved. The nervous system, epidermis, and intestine contribute systemically to regulation of arrest, but cell-autonomous signaling likely contributes to regulation in the germline. A relatively small number of genes affecting starvation survival during L1 arrest are known, and many of them also affect adult lifespan, reflecting a common genetic basis ripe for exploration. mRNA expression is well characterized during arrest, recovery, and normal L1 development, providing a metazoan model for nutritional control of gene expression. In particular, post-recruitment regulation of RNA polymerase II is under nutritional control, potentially contributing to a rapid and coordinated response to feeding. The phenomenology of L1 arrest will be reviewed, as well as regulation of developmental arrest and starvation survival by various signaling pathways and gene regulatory mechanisms.
Type
Journal article
Subject
developmental arrest
diapause
insulin-like signaling
starvation
stress resistance
Animals
Caenorhabditis elegans
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
Germ Cells
Humans
Insulin
Larva
Longevity
MicroRNAs
RNA Polymerase II
Signal Transduction
Starvation
Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/10161/10400
Published Version (Please cite this version)
10.1534/genetics.113.150847
Publication Info
Baugh, L Ryan (2013). To grow or not to grow: nutritional control of development during Caenorhabditis elegans L1 arrest. Genetics, 194(3). pp. 539-555. 10.1534/genetics.113.150847. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/10400.
This is constructed from limited available data and may be imprecise. To cite this article, please review & use the official citation provided by the journal.
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Scholars@Duke

Baugh

L. Ryan Baugh

Associate Professor of Biology
The Baugh Lab is interested in phenotypic plasticity and physiological adaptation to variable environmental conditions. We are using the roundworm C. elegans to understand how animals adapt to starvation using primarily genetic and genomic approaches. We are studying how development is governed by nutrient availability, how animals survive starvation, and the long-term consequences of starvation including adult disease and transgenerational epigenetic inheritance.
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