Caloric restriction alters the metabolic response to a mixed-meal: results from a randomized, controlled trial.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To determine if caloric restriction (CR) would cause changes in plasma
metabolic intermediates in response to a mixed meal, suggestive of changes in the
capacity to adapt fuel oxidation to fuel availability or metabolic flexibility, and
to determine how any such changes relate to insulin sensitivity (S(I)). METHODS: Forty-six
volunteers were randomized to a weight maintenance diet (Control), 25% CR, or 12.5%
CR plus 12.5% energy deficit from structured aerobic exercise (CR+EX), or a liquid
calorie diet (890 kcal/d until 15% reduction in body weight)for six months. Fasting
and postprandial plasma samples were obtained at baseline, three, and six months.
A targeted mass spectrometry-based platform was used to measure concentrations of
individual free fatty acids (FFA), amino acids (AA), and acylcarnitines (AC). S(I)
was measured with an intravenous glucose tolerance test. RESULTS: Over three and six
months, there were significantly larger differences in fasting-to-postprandial (FPP)
concentrations of medium and long chain AC (byproducts of FA oxidation) in the CR
relative to Control and a tendency for the same in CR+EX (CR-3 month P = 0.02; CR-6
month P = 0.002; CR+EX-3 month P = 0.09; CR+EX-6 month P = 0.08). After three months
of CR, there was a trend towards a larger difference in FPP FFA concentrations (P = 0.07;
CR-3 month P = 0.08). Time-varying differences in FPP concentrations of AC and AA
were independently related to time-varying S(I) (P<0.05 for both). CONCLUSIONS: Based
on changes in intermediates of FA oxidation following a food challenge, CR imparted
improvements in metabolic flexibility that correlated with improvements in S(I). TRIAL
REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00099151.
Type
Journal articleSubject
AdultAmino Acids
Caloric Restriction
Carnitine
Energy Intake
Exercise
Fasting
Fatty Acids, Nonesterified
Female
Glucose Tolerance Test
Humans
Insulin Resistance
Male
Middle Aged
Overweight
Postprandial Period
Principal Component Analysis
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https://hdl.handle.net/10161/10872Published Version (Please cite this version)
10.1371/journal.pone.0028190Publication Info
Huffman, Kim M; Redman, Leanne M; Landerman, Lawrence R; Pieper, Carl F; Stevens,
Robert D; Muehlbauer, Michael J; ... Kraus, William E (2012). Caloric restriction alters the metabolic response to a mixed-meal: results from a
randomized, controlled trial. PLoS One, 7(4). pp. e28190. 10.1371/journal.pone.0028190. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/10872.This is constructed from limited available data and may be imprecise. To cite this
article, please review & use the official citation provided by the journal.
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Show full item recordScholars@Duke
James R. Bain
Professor in Medicine
Kim Marie Huffman
Associate Professor of Medicine
Determining the role of physical activity in modulating health outcomes (cardiovascular
disease risk) in persons with rheumatologic diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, gout,
osteoarthritis) Integrating clinical rheumatology, basic immunology, metabolism,
and exercise science in order to reduce morbidity in individuals with arthritis Evaluating
relationships between circulating and intra-muscular metabolic intermediates and insulin
resistance in sedentary as well as individu
Virginia Byers Kraus
Mary Bernheim Distinguished Professor of Medicine
Virginia Byers Kraus, MD, PhD, is the Mary Bernheim Distinguished Professor of Medicine,
Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Professor of Pathology and a faculty member of the
Duke Molecular Physiology Institute in the Duke University School of Medicine. She
is a practicing Rheumatologist with over 30 years’ experience in translational musculoskeletal
research focusing on osteoarthritis, the most common of all arthritides. She trained
at Brown University (ScB 1979), Duke University (MD 19
William Erle Kraus
Richard and Pat Johnson University Distinguished Professor
My training, expertise and research interests range from human integrative physiology
and genetics to animal exercise models to cell culture models of skeletal muscle adaptation
to mechanical stretch. I am trained clinically as an internist and preventive cardiologist,
with particular expertise in preventive cardiology and cardiac rehabilitation. My
research training spans molecular biology and cell culture, molecular genetics, and
integrative human exercise physiology and metabolism. I pr
Lawrence Richard Landerman
Associate Professor in Medicine
During the fiscal year 1994, I submitted a paper on the effects of insurance coverage
on outpatient mental health coverage on outpatient mental health service utilization.
It will appear in the American Journal of Psychiatry in December, I am also collaborating
with others on the following papers: a paper dealing with urban/rural differences
in health and health care utilization has been submitted to the American Journal of
Public Health; a paper dealing with the social and demographic cor
Christopher Bang Newgard
W. David and Sarah W. Stedman Distinguished Professor of Nutrition in the School of
Medicine
Over its 16 year history, our laboratory has investigated mechanisms of metabolic
regulation and fuel homeostasis in mammalian systems. Major projects include: 1)
Mechanisms involved in regulation of insulin secretion from pancreatic islet β-cells
by glucose and other metabolic fuels; 2) Development of methods for protection of
β-cells against immune-mediated damage; 3) Studies on spatial organization and
regulation of systems controlling hepatic glucose balance; 4) Studies
Carl F. Pieper
Professor of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics
Analytic Interests. 1) Issues in the Design of Medical Experiments: I explore the
use of reliability/generalizability models in experimental design. In addition to
incorporation of reliability, I study powering longitudinal trials with multiple outcomes
and substantial missing data using Mixed models. 2) Issues in the Analysis of Repeated
Measures Designs & Longitudinal Data: Use of Hierarchical Linear Models (HLM) or Mixed
Models in modeling trajectories of multipl
Robert David Stevens
Adjunct Assistant Professor of Medicine
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