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Pilot randomized trial on mindfulness training for smokers in young adult binge drinkers.

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Date
2013-09-03
Authors
Davis, James M
Mills, David M
Stankevitz, Kristin A
Manley, Alison R
Majeskie, Matthew R
Smith, Stevens S
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: We report results of a pilot study designed to test a novel smoking cessation intervention, Mindfulness Training for Smokers (MTS), in smokers age 18-29 years with regular episodes of binge drinking. Mindfulness is a cognitive skill of applying close moment-to-moment attention to experience with a mental posture of acceptance and non-reactivity. The MTS intervention consisted of six weekly classes that provided instruction on how to use mindfulness to manage known precursors of smoking relapse including smoking triggers, strong emotions, stressful situations, addictive thoughts, urges, and withdrawal symptoms. METHODS: The MTS intervention was compared to Interactive Learning for Smokers (ILS), a time/intensity matched control group using daily non-directed walking instead of mindfulness meditation. Recruitment was conducted primarily at local technical colleges. Primary outcome measures included biochemically-confirmed smoking abstinence and reduction in alcohol use at the end of treatment (2-weeks post-quit attempt). RESULTS: The sample (N = 55) was 70.9% male, with a mean age of 21.9 years, and a mean of 11.76 alcoholic drinks consumed per week. Intent-to-treat analysis showed biochemically-confirmed 7-day point prevalence abstinence rates at 2-weeks post-quit for MTS = 20.0% and ILS = 4.0%, p = .08. Secondary analysis showed number of drinks per week in the first 2-weeks post-quit correlated with smoking relapse at 2-weeks post-quit (p < .01). CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study demonstrated that Mindfulness Training for Smokers shows promise for smoking cessation and alcohol use reduction in treating young adult smokers with alcohol abuse. Results suggest the need for a study with larger sample size and methods that reduce attrition. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClnicalTrial.gov, NCT01679236.
Type
Journal article
Subject
Adult
Analysis of Variance
Binge Drinking
Female
Humans
Male
Mindfulness
Pilot Projects
Smoking Cessation
Tobacco Use Disorder
Young Adult
Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/10161/11689
Published Version (Please cite this version)
10.1186/1472-6882-13-215
Publication Info
Davis, James M; Mills, David M; Stankevitz, Kristin A; Manley, Alison R; Majeskie, Matthew R; & Smith, Stevens S (2013). Pilot randomized trial on mindfulness training for smokers in young adult binge drinkers. BMC Complement Altern Med, 13. pp. 215. 10.1186/1472-6882-13-215. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/11689.
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Scholars@Duke

Davis

James Davis

Associate Professor of Medicine
Dr. James Davis is a practicing physician of Internal Medicine, and serves as the Medical Director for Duke Center for Smoking Cessation, Director of the Duke Smoking Cessation Program and Co-Director of the Duke-UNC Tobacco Treatment Specialist Credentialing Program.  His research focuses on development of new pharmaceutical treatments for smoking cessation.  He is principal investigator on several trials including a study on &ldquo;adaptive&rdquo; smoking cessation and several trials
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