Food preferences and weight change during low-fat and low-carbohydrate diets.
Abstract
UNLABELLED: Understanding associations between food preferences and weight loss during
various effective diets could inform efforts to personalize dietary recommendations
and provide insight into weight loss mechanisms. We conducted a secondary analysis
of data from a clinical trial in which participants were randomized to either a 'choice'
arm, in which they were allowed to select between a low-fat diet (n = 44) or low-carbohydrate
diet (n = 61), or to a 'no choice' arm, in which they were randomly assigned to a
low-fat diet (n = 49) or low-carbohydrate diet (n = 53). All participants were provided
48 weeks of lifestyle counseling. Food preferences were measured at baseline and every
12 weeks thereafter with the Geiselman Food Preference Questionnaire. Participants
were 73% male and 51% African American, with a mean age of 55. Baseline food preferences,
including congruency of food preferences with diet, were not associated with weight
outcomes. In the low-fat diet group, no associations were found between changes in
food preferences and weight over time. In the low-carbohydrate diet group, increased
preference for low-carbohydrate diet congruent foods from baseline to 12 weeks was
associated with weight loss from 12 to 24 weeks. Additionally, weight loss from baseline
to 12 weeks was associated with increased preference for low-carbohydrate diet congruent
foods from 12 to 24 weeks. Results suggest that basing selection of low-carbohydrate
diet or low-fat diet on food preferences is unlikely to influence weight loss. Congruency
of food preferences and weight loss may influence each other early during a low-carbohydrate
diet but not low-fat diet, possibly due to different features of these diets. CLINICAL
TRIAL REGISTRY: NCT01152359.
Type
Journal articlePermalink
https://hdl.handle.net/10161/12380Published Version (Please cite this version)
10.1016/j.appet.2016.04.035Publication Info
McVay, Megan A; Voils, Corrine I; Geiselman, Paula J; Smith, Valerie A; Coffman, Cynthia
J; Mayer, Stephanie; & Yancy, William S (2016). Food preferences and weight change during low-fat and low-carbohydrate diets. Appetite, 103. pp. 336-343. 10.1016/j.appet.2016.04.035. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/12380.This is constructed from limited available data and may be imprecise. To cite this
article, please review & use the official citation provided by the journal.
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Show full item recordScholars@Duke
Cynthia Jan Coffman
Professor of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics
Megan Mcvay
Assistant Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
My research primarily focuses on behavioral aspects of weight management. I am particularly
interested in understanding factors that influence initiation of and sustained engagement
in behavioral weight loss treatments and developing approaches to increase engagement
in evidence-based weight management treatments. I am also interested in developing
and testing digital health interventions that can aid in weight management and other
health behaviors, with an emphasis on using the primary ca
Valerie A. Smith
Associate Professor in Population Health Sciences
Valerie A. Smith, DrPH, is an Associate Professor in the Duke University Department
of Population Health Sciences and Senior Research Director of the Biostatistics Core
at the Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center's Center of Innovation. Her methodological
research interests include: methods for semicontinuous and zero-inflated data, economic
modeling methods, causal inference methods, observational study design, and longitudinal
data analysis. Her current methodological research h
Corrine Ione Voils
Adjunct Professor in the Department of Medicine
Randomized trials of behavioral interventions; adherence to treatment regimens; spousal
support in chronic disease management, mixed research synthesis; measurement of self-reported
medication nonadherence
William Samuel Yancy Jr.
Professor of Medicine
Impact of obesity on health, health care delivery, quality of life. Diet and other
weight loss interventions Preventive medicine
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