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Food preferences and weight change during low-fat and low-carbohydrate diets.

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Date
2016-08-01
Authors
McVay, Megan A
Voils, Corrine I
Geiselman, Paula J
Smith, Valerie A
Coffman, Cynthia J
Mayer, Stephanie
Yancy, William S
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Abstract
UNLABELLED: Understanding associations between food preferences and weight loss during various effective diets could inform efforts to personalize dietary recommendations and provide insight into weight loss mechanisms. We conducted a secondary analysis of data from a clinical trial in which participants were randomized to either a 'choice' arm, in which they were allowed to select between a low-fat diet (n = 44) or low-carbohydrate diet (n = 61), or to a 'no choice' arm, in which they were randomly assigned to a low-fat diet (n = 49) or low-carbohydrate diet (n = 53). All participants were provided 48 weeks of lifestyle counseling. Food preferences were measured at baseline and every 12 weeks thereafter with the Geiselman Food Preference Questionnaire. Participants were 73% male and 51% African American, with a mean age of 55. Baseline food preferences, including congruency of food preferences with diet, were not associated with weight outcomes. In the low-fat diet group, no associations were found between changes in food preferences and weight over time. In the low-carbohydrate diet group, increased preference for low-carbohydrate diet congruent foods from baseline to 12 weeks was associated with weight loss from 12 to 24 weeks. Additionally, weight loss from baseline to 12 weeks was associated with increased preference for low-carbohydrate diet congruent foods from 12 to 24 weeks. Results suggest that basing selection of low-carbohydrate diet or low-fat diet on food preferences is unlikely to influence weight loss. Congruency of food preferences and weight loss may influence each other early during a low-carbohydrate diet but not low-fat diet, possibly due to different features of these diets. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY: NCT01152359.
Type
Journal article
Subject
Food preferences
Low-carbohydrate diet
Low-fat diet
Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/10161/12380
Published Version (Please cite this version)
10.1016/j.appet.2016.04.035
Publication Info
McVay, Megan A; Voils, Corrine I; Geiselman, Paula J; Smith, Valerie A; Coffman, Cynthia J; Mayer, Stephanie; & Yancy, William S (2016). Food preferences and weight change during low-fat and low-carbohydrate diets. Appetite, 103. pp. 336-343. 10.1016/j.appet.2016.04.035. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/12380.
This is constructed from limited available data and may be imprecise. To cite this article, please review & use the official citation provided by the journal.
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Scholars@Duke

Coffman

Cynthia Jan Coffman

Professor of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics

Megan Mcvay

Assistant Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
My research primarily focuses on behavioral aspects of weight management.  I am particularly interested in understanding factors that influence initiation of and sustained engagement in behavioral weight loss treatments and developing approaches to increase engagement in evidence-based weight management treatments. I am also interested in developing and testing digital health interventions that can aid in weight management and other health behaviors, with an emphasis on using the primary ca
Smith

Valerie A. Smith

Associate Professor in Population Health Sciences
Valerie A. Smith, DrPH, is an Associate Professor in the Duke University Department of Population Health Sciences and Senior Research Director of the Biostatistics Core at the Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center's Center of Innovation. Her methodological research interests include: methods for semicontinuous and zero-inflated data, economic modeling methods, causal inference methods, observational study design, and longitudinal data analysis. Her current methodological research h
Voils

Corrine Ione Voils

Adjunct Professor in the Department of Medicine
Randomized trials of behavioral interventions; adherence to treatment regimens; spousal support in chronic disease management, mixed research synthesis; measurement of self-reported medication nonadherence 
Yancy

William Samuel Yancy Jr.

Professor of Medicine
Impact of obesity on health, health care delivery, quality of life. Diet and other weight loss interventions Preventive medicine
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