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Civic engagement among orphans and non-orphans in five low- and middle-income countries.

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Date
2016-10-11
Authors
Gray, Christine L
Pence, Brian W
Messer, Lynne C
Ostermann, Jan
Whetten, Rachel A
Thielman, Nathan M
O'Donnell, Karen
Whetten, Kathryn
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Communities and nations seeking to foster social responsibility in their youth are interested in understanding factors that predict and promote youth involvement in public activities. Orphans and separated children (OSC) are a vulnerable population whose numbers are increasing, particularly in resource-poor settings. Understanding whether and how OSC are engaged in civic activities is important for community and world leaders who need to provide care for OSC and ensure their involvement in sustainable development. METHODS: The Positive Outcomes for Orphans study (POFO) is a multi-country, longitudinal cohort study of OSC randomly sampled from institution-based care and from family-based care, and of non-OSC sampled from the same study regions. Participants represent six sites in five low-and middle-income countries. We examined civic engagement activities and government trust among subjects > =16 years old at 90-month follow-up (approximately 7.5 years after baseline). We calculated prevalences and estimated the association between key demographic variables and prevalence of regular volunteer work using multivariable Poisson regression, with sampling weights to accounting for the complex sampling design. RESULTS: Among the 1,281 POFO participants > =16 who were assessed at 90-month follow-up, 45 % participated in regular community service or volunteer work; two-thirds of those volunteers did so on a strictly voluntary basis. While government trust was fairly high, at approximately 70 % for each level of government, participation in voting was only 15 % among those who were > =18 years old. We did not observe significant associations between demographic characteristics and regular volunteer work, with the exception of large variation by study site. CONCLUSION: As the world's leaders grapple with the many competing demands of global health, economic security, and governmental stability, the participation of today's youth in community and governance is essential for sustainability. This study provides a first step in understanding the degree to which OSC from different care settings across multiple low- and middle-income countries are engaged in their communities.
Type
Journal article
Subject
Civic engagement
Low- and middle-income countries
Orphans
Volunteer
Vote
Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/10161/13142
Published Version (Please cite this version)
10.1186/s12992-016-0202-8
Publication Info
Gray, Christine L; Pence, Brian W; Messer, Lynne C; Ostermann, Jan; Whetten, Rachel A; Thielman, Nathan M; ... Whetten, Kathryn (2016). Civic engagement among orphans and non-orphans in five low- and middle-income countries. Global Health, 12(1). pp. 61. 10.1186/s12992-016-0202-8. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/13142.
This is constructed from limited available data and may be imprecise. To cite this article, please review & use the official citation provided by the journal.
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Scholars@Duke

Gray

Christine L Gray

Assistant Research Professor of Global Health
Dr. Christine (Chris) Gray is an assistant research professor in the Center for Health Policy and Inequalities Research (CHPIR) in the Duke Global Health Institute. She earned her PhD from the Department of Epidemiology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH) and her MPH from Emory University. She has been working with CHPIR since 2014, when she began analytic work on the longitudinal Positive Outcomes for Orphans cohort study as a doctoral student. Prior to her do

Jan Ostermann

Adjunct Associate Professor of Global Health

Brian Wells Pence

Adjunct Associate Professor in the Department of Family Medicine and Community Health
Brian Wells Pence, PhD MPH, is trained as an infectious diseases epidemiologist. His research interests focus primarily on the impact of trauma, mental illness, and other psychosocial characteristics on HIV-related behaviors and clinical outcomes and on the development of effective and practical interventiosn to address mental illness in HIV patients.
Thielman

Nathan Maclyn Thielman

Professor of Medicine
Broadly, my research focuses on a range of clinical and social issues that affect persons living with or at risk for HIV infection in resource-poor settings. In Tanzania, our group is applying novel methods to optimize HIV testing uptake among high-risk groups. We recently demonstrated that the Discrete Choice Experiment (DCE), a form of stated preference survey research, is a robust tool for identifying (a) which characteristics of HIV testing options are most preferred by different populati
Whetten

Kathryn Whetten

Professor in the Sanford School of Public Policy
Director, Center for Health Policy and Inequalities ResearchResearch Director, Hart Fellows Program,Professor, Public Policy and Global Health Professor, Nursing and Community & Family Medicine Kathryn Whetten (PhD) is Chair of the Maternal, Adolescent and Child Health working group, and she is the Co-Chair of the University Diversity Task Force and the Sanford Diversity Committee. Kathryn Whetten is the Principal Investigator on
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