Affect before Spinoza: Reformed Faith, Affectus, and Experience in Jean Calvin, John Donne, John Milton and Baruch Spinoza
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Affects are not reducible to feelings or emotions. On the contrary, Affect Before
Spinoza investigates the extent to which affects exceed, reconfigure and reorganize
bodies and subjects. Affects are constitutive of and integral to dynamic economies of
activity and passivity. This dissertation traces the origins and histories of this definition
of affect, from the Latin affectus, discovering emergent affective approaches to faith,
devotional poetry and philosophy in early modernity. For early modern believers across
confessions, faith was neither reducible to a dry intellectual concern nor to a personal,
emotional appeal to God. Instead, faith was a transformative relation between humans
and God, realized in affective terms that, in turn, reconfigured theories of human agency
and activity. Beginning with John Calvin and continuing through the work of John
Donne, John Milton, and Baruch Spinoza, Affect Before Spinoza posits affectus as a basis
of faith in an emergent Reformed tradition as well as a term that informs disparate
developments in poetry and philosophy beyond Reformed Orthodoxy. Calvin's
configuration of affect turns existing languages of the passions and of rhetorical motives
towards an understanding of faith and certainty. In this sense, Calvin, Donne, Spinoza
and Milton use affectus to pose questions of agency, will, tendency, inclination, and
determinism.
Philosophy
Religion, History of
Affect
Calvin
Donne
Milton
Reformation
Spinoza

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