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HIV-specific functional antibody responses in breast milk mirror those in plasma and are primarily mediated by IgG antibodies.

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Date
2011-09
Authors
Fouda, GG
Yates, NL
Pollara, J
Shen, X
Overman, GR
Mahlokozera, T
Wilks, AB
Kang, HH
Salazar-Gonzalez, JF
Salazar, MG
Kalilani, L
Meshnick, SR
Hahn, BH
Shaw, GM
Lovingood, RV
Denny, TN
Haynes, B
Letvin, NL
Ferrari, G
Montefiori, DC
Tomaras, GD
Permar, SR
Immunology, the Center for HIVAIDS Vaccine
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Abstract
Despite months of mucosal virus exposure, the majority of breastfed infants born to HIV-infected mothers do not become infected, raising the possibility that immune factors in milk inhibit mucosal transmission of HIV. HIV Envelope (Env)-specific antibodies are present in the milk of HIV-infected mothers, but little is known about their virus-specific functions. In this study, HIV Env-specific antibody binding, autologous and heterologous virus neutralization, and antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC) responses were measured in the milk and plasma of 41 HIV-infected lactating women. Although IgA is the predominant antibody isotype in milk, HIV Env-specific IgG responses were higher in magnitude than HIV Env-specific IgA responses in milk. The concentrations of anti-HIV gp120 IgG in milk and plasma were directly correlated (r = 0.75; P < 0.0001), yet the response in milk was 2 logarithm units lower than in plasma. Similarly, heterologous virus neutralization (r = 0.39; P = 0.010) and ADCC activity (r = 0.64; P < 0.0001) in milk were directly correlated with that in the systemic compartment but were 2 log units lower in magnitude. Autologous neutralization was rarely detected in milk. Milk heterologous virus neutralization titers correlated with HIV gp120 Env-binding IgG responses but not with IgA responses (r = 0.71 and P < 0.0001, and r = 0.17 and P = 0.30). Moreover, IgGs purified from milk and plasma had equal neutralizing potencies against a tier 1 virus (r = 0.65; P < 0.0001), whereas only 1 out of 35 tested non-IgG milk fractions had detectable neutralization. These results suggest that plasma-derived IgG antibodies mediate the majority of the low-level HIV neutralization and ADCC activity in breast milk.
Type
Journal article
Subject
Antibodies, Neutralizing
Antibody Formation
Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity
Cross Reactions
Female
HIV Antibodies
HIV Infections
Humans
Immunoglobulin A
Immunoglobulin G
Milk, Human
Neutralization Tests
Plasma
env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/10161/14737
Published Version (Please cite this version)
10.1128/JVI.05174-11
Publication Info
Fouda, GG; Yates, NL; Pollara, J; Shen, X; Overman, GR; Mahlokozera, T; ... Immunology, the Center for HIVAIDS Vaccine (2011). HIV-specific functional antibody responses in breast milk mirror those in plasma and are primarily mediated by IgG antibodies. J Virol, 85(18). pp. 9555-9567. 10.1128/JVI.05174-11. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/14737.
This is constructed from limited available data and may be imprecise. To cite this article, please review & use the official citation provided by the journal.
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Scholars@Duke

Denny

Thomas Norton Denny

Professor in Medicine
Thomas N. Denny, MSc, M.Phil, is the Chief Operating Officer of the Duke Human Vaccine Institute (DHVI) and the Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology (CHAVI), and a Professor of Medicine in the Department of Medicine at Duke University Medical Center. He is also an Affiliate Member of the Duke Global Health Institute. He has recently been appointed to the Duke University Fuqua School of Business Health Sector Advisory Council. Previously, he was an Associate Professor of Pathology, Laboratory M
Ferrari

Guido Ferrari

Professor in Surgery
The activities of the Ferrari Laboratory are based on both independent basic research and immune monitoring studies. The research revolves around three main areas of interest: class I-mediated cytotoxic CD8+ T cell responses, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), gene expression in NK and T cellular subsets upon infection with HIV-1. With continuous funding over the last 11 years from the NIH and Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation along with many other productive collaborations wi
Fouda

Genevieve Giny Fouda

Associate Professor in Pediatrics
Dr Fouda's research interest is in understanding infant immune responses in the setting of infection and vaccination. Her current work focuses on HIV mother to child transmission.
Haynes

Barton Ford Haynes

Frederic M. Hanes Distinguished Professor of Medicine
The Haynes lab is studying host innate and adaptive immune responses to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), tuberculosis (TB), and influenza in order to find the enabling technology to make preventive vaccines against these three major infectious diseases. Mucosal Immune Responses in Acute HIV Infection The Haynes lab is working to determine why broadly neutralizing antibodies are rarely made in acute HIV infection (AHI), currently a major obstacle in the de
Montefiori

David Charles Montefiori

Professor in Surgery
Dr. Montefiori is Professor and Director of the Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine Research and Development in the Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Sciences, Duke University Medical Center. His major research interests are viral immunology and AIDS vaccine development, with a special emphasis on neutralizing antibodies. One of his highest priorities is to identify immunogens that generate broadly cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies for inclusion in HIV vaccines.  Many aspects of the
Permar

Sallie Robey Permar

Wilburt C. Davison Distinguished Professor
Dr. Permar's work focuses on the development of vaccines to prevent vertical transmission of neonatal viral pathogens. She has utilized the nonhuman primate model of HIV/AIDS to characterize the virus-specific immune responses and virus evolution in breast milk and develop a maternal vaccine regimen for protection against breast milk transmission of HIV. In addition, Dr. Permar's lab has advanced the understanding of HIV-specific immune responses and virus evolution in vertically-transmitting an
Pollara

Justin Joseph Pollara

Associate Professor in Surgery
Shen

Xiaoying Shen

Associate Professor in Surgery
Tomaras

Georgia Doris Tomaras

Professor in Surgery
Dr. Georgia Tomaras is a tenured Professor of Surgery, Professor of Immunology, Professor of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology and is a Fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology (AAM) and a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS).  Dr. Tomaras is Co-Director of the Center for Human Systems Immunology (CHSI) Duke University and Director of the Duke Center for AIDS Research (CFAR). Her national and international leadership roles i
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