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Effect of Prior Anti-VEGF Injections on the Risk of Retained Lens Fragments and Endophthalmitis after Cataract Surgery in the Elderly.

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Date
2016-02
Authors
Hahn, Paul
Yashkin, Arseniy P
Sloan, Frank A
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Abstract
PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of prior intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections on surgical and postoperative complication rates associated with cataract surgery in a nationally representative longitudinal sample of elderly persons. DESIGN: Retrospective, longitudinal cohort analysis. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 203 643 Medicare beneficiaries who underwent cataract surgery from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2013. METHODS: By using the 5% sample of Medicare claims data, the study assessed risks of 3 adverse outcomes after receipt of cataract surgery for beneficiaries with a history of intravitreal injections. Risks of these outcomes in beneficiaries with a history of intravitreal injections relative to those without were calculated using the Cox proportional hazard model. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was the risk of subsequent removal of retained lens fragments (RLFs) within 28 days after cataract surgery. Secondary outcomes were a new diagnosis of acute (<40 days) or delayed-onset (40+ days) endophthalmitis and risk of a new primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) diagnosis within 365 days after cataract surgery. RESULTS: Prior intravitreal anti-VEGF injections were associated with a significantly increased risk of subsequent RLF removal within 28 days after cataract surgery (hazard ratio [HR], 2.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19-4.30). Prior injections were also associated with increased risk of both acute (HR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.001-5.22) and delayed-onset endophthalmitis (HR, 3.65; 95% CI, 1.65-8.05). Prior injections were not a significant indicator of increased risk of a new POAG diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: A history of intravitreal injections may be a risk factor for cataract surgery-related intraoperative complications and endophthalmitis. Given the frequency of intravitreal injections and cataract surgery, increased preoperative assessment, additional intraoperative caution, and postoperative vigilance are recommended in patients with a history of intravitreal injections undergoing cataract extraction.
Type
Journal article
Subject
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Angiogenesis Inhibitors
Cataract Extraction
Endophthalmitis
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Glaucoma, Open-Angle
Humans
Incidence
Intraoperative Complications
Intravitreal Injections
Lens Subluxation
Male
Medicare
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
United States
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/10161/14805
Published Version (Please cite this version)
10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.06.040
Publication Info
Hahn, Paul; Yashkin, Arseniy P; & Sloan, Frank A (2016). Effect of Prior Anti-VEGF Injections on the Risk of Retained Lens Fragments and Endophthalmitis after Cataract Surgery in the Elderly. Ophthalmology, 123(2). pp. 309-315. 10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.06.040. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/14805.
This is constructed from limited available data and may be imprecise. To cite this article, please review & use the official citation provided by the journal.
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Scholars@Duke

Paul Hahn

Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology
I have been extensively involved in research throughout my academic career. While an undergraduate at Harvard College, I studied various proteins at an ultrastructural level towards rational design of novel drugs. During medical school at the University of Pennsylvania, I continued with basic science research studying mechanisms of action of nuclear receptors and optimizing protocols for gene therapy. I completed my PhD at the University of Pennsylvania studying the role of iron overload
This author no longer has a Scholars@Duke profile, so the information shown here reflects their Duke status at the time this item was deposited.
Sloan

Frank A. Sloan

J. Alexander McMahon Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Health Policy and Management
Professor Sloan is interested in studying the subjects of health policy and the economics of aging, hospitals, health, pharmaceuticals, and substance abuse. He has received funding from numerous research grants that he earned for studies of which he was the principal investigator. His most recent grants were awarded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, the Center for Disease Control, the Pew Charitable Trust, and the National Institute on Aging. Titles of his projects include, “Why Mature S
Yashkin

Arseniy Yashkin

Research Scientist, Senior
Alphabetical list of authors with Scholars@Duke profiles.
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