dc.contributor.author |
Schmelz, Martin |
|
dc.contributor.author |
Grueneisen, Sebastian |
|
dc.contributor.author |
Kabalak, Alihan |
|
dc.contributor.author |
Jost, Jürgen |
|
dc.contributor.author |
Tomasello, Michael |
|
dc.coverage.spatial |
United States |
|
dc.date.accessioned |
2017-07-05T12:21:01Z |
|
dc.date.available |
2017-07-05T12:21:01Z |
|
dc.date.issued |
2017-06-19 |
|
dc.identifier |
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28630319 |
|
dc.identifier |
1700351114 |
|
dc.identifier.uri |
https://hdl.handle.net/10161/14983 |
|
dc.description.abstract |
Humans regularly provide others with resources at a personal cost to themselves. Chimpanzees
engage in some cooperative behaviors in the wild as well, but their motivational underpinnings
are unclear. In three experiments, chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) always chose between
an option delivering food both to themselves and a partner and one delivering food
only to themselves. In one condition, a conspecific partner had just previously taken
a personal risk to make this choice available. In another condition, no assistance
from the partner preceded the subject's decision. Chimpanzees made significantly more
prosocial choices after receiving their partner's assistance than when no assistance
was given (experiment 1) and, crucially, this was the case even when choosing the
prosocial option was materially costly for the subject (experiment 2). Moreover, subjects
appeared sensitive to the risk of their partner's assistance and chose prosocially
more often when their partner risked losing food by helping (experiment 3). These
findings demonstrate experimentally that chimpanzees are willing to incur a material
cost to deliver rewards to a conspecific, but only if that conspecific previously
assisted them, and particularly when this assistance was risky. Some key motivations
involved in human cooperation thus may have deeper phylogenetic roots than previously
suspected.
|
|
dc.language |
eng |
|
dc.publisher |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
|
dc.relation.ispartof |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A |
|
dc.relation.isversionof |
10.1073/pnas.1700351114 |
|
dc.subject |
chimpanzees |
|
dc.subject |
cooperation |
|
dc.subject |
prosociality |
|
dc.subject |
reciprocity |
|
dc.title |
Chimpanzees return favors at a personal cost. |
|
dc.type |
Journal article |
|
duke.contributor.id |
Tomasello, Michael|0690692 |
|
pubs.author-url |
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28630319 |
|
pubs.organisational-group |
Duke |
|
pubs.organisational-group |
Evolutionary Anthropology |
|
pubs.organisational-group |
Psychology and Neuroscience |
|
pubs.organisational-group |
Trinity College of Arts & Sciences |
|
pubs.publication-status |
Published online |
|
dc.identifier.eissn |
1091-6490 |
|
duke.contributor.orcid |
Tomasello, Michael|0000-0002-1649-088X |
|