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Association with endoplasmic reticulum promotes proteasomal degradation of GADD34 protein.

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Date
2011-06
Authors
Zhou, Wei
Brush, Matthew H
Choy, Meng S
Shenolikar, Shirish
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Abstract
Stress-induced endogenous and ectopically expressed GADD34 proteins were present both in the cytoplasm and in membranes, with their membrane association showing similar biochemical properties. Deletion of N-terminal sequences in GADD34-GFP proteins highlighted an amphipathic helix, whose hydrophobic surface, specifically valine 25 and leucine 29, mediated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) localization. Substitution of leucines for three arginines on the polar surface indicated that the same helix also mediated the association of GADD34 with mitochondria. Fluorescence protease protection and chemical modification of cysteines substituted in the membrane-binding domain pointed to a monotopic insertion of GADD34 into the outer layer of the ER membrane. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching showed that ER association retards the mobility of GADD34 in living cells. Both WT GADD34 and the mutant, V25R, effectively scaffolded the α-isoform of protein phosphatase-1 (PP1α) and enabled eIF2α dephosphorylation. However, the largely cytosolic V25R protein displayed a reduced rate of proteasomal degradation, and unlike WT GADD34, whose ectopic expression resulted in a dilated or distended ER, V25R did not modify ER morphology. These studies suggested that the association of with ER modulates intracellular trafficking and proteasomal degradation of GADD34, and in turn, its ability to modify ER morphology.
Type
Journal article
Subject
COS Cells
Hela Cells
Cytoplasm
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Cytosol
Animals
Cercopithecus aethiops
Humans
Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex
Arginine
Protein Structure, Tertiary
Protein Binding
Phosphorylation
Mutation
Protein Phosphatase 1
Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/10161/17231
Published Version (Please cite this version)
10.1074/jbc.m110.212787
Publication Info
Zhou, Wei; Brush, Matthew H; Choy, Meng S; & Shenolikar, Shirish (2011). Association with endoplasmic reticulum promotes proteasomal degradation of GADD34 protein. The Journal of biological chemistry, 286(24). pp. 21687-21696. 10.1074/jbc.m110.212787. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/17231.
This is constructed from limited available data and may be imprecise. To cite this article, please review & use the official citation provided by the journal.
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Scholars@Duke

Shenolikar

Shirish Shenolikar

Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
Protein phosphorylation controls a wide range of physiological processes in mammalian tissues. Phosphorylation state of cellular proteins is controlled by the opposing actions of protein kinases and phosphatases that are regulated by hormones, neurotransmitters, growth factors and other environmental cues. Our research attempts to understand the communication between protein kinases and phosphatases that dictates cellular protein phosphorylation and the cell's response to hormones. Over the
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