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Feather development genes and associated regulatory innovation predate the origin of Dinosauria.

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Date
2015-01
Authors
Lowe, Craig B
Clarke, Julia A
Baker, Allan J
Haussler, David
Edwards, Scott V
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Abstract
The evolution of avian feathers has recently been illuminated by fossils and the identification of genes involved in feather patterning and morphogenesis. However, molecular studies have focused mainly on protein-coding genes. Using comparative genomics and more than 600,000 conserved regulatory elements, we show that patterns of genome evolution in the vicinity of feather genes are consistent with a major role for regulatory innovation in the evolution of feathers. Rates of innovation at feather regulatory elements exhibit an extended period of innovation with peaks in the ancestors of amniotes and archosaurs. We estimate that 86% of such regulatory elements and 100% of the nonkeratin feather gene set were present prior to the origin of Dinosauria. On the branch leading to modern birds, we detect a strong signal of regulatory innovation near insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP) 2 and IGFBP5, which have roles in body size reduction, and may represent a genomic signature for the miniaturization of dinosaurian body size preceding the origin of flight.
Type
Journal article
Subject
Feathers
Animals
Birds
Dinosaurs
Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2
Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 5
Body Size
Genomics
Evolution, Molecular
Phylogeny
Regulatory Elements, Transcriptional
Keratins
Biological Evolution
Mutation Rate
Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/10161/17411
Published Version (Please cite this version)
10.1093/molbev/msu309
Publication Info
Lowe, Craig B; Clarke, Julia A; Baker, Allan J; Haussler, David; & Edwards, Scott V (2015). Feather development genes and associated regulatory innovation predate the origin of Dinosauria. Molecular biology and evolution, 32(1). pp. 23-28. 10.1093/molbev/msu309. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/17411.
This is constructed from limited available data and may be imprecise. To cite this article, please review & use the official citation provided by the journal.
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Scholars@Duke

Lowe

Craig Lowe

Assistant Professor of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology
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