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Effect of Prenatal Smoke Exposure on Birth Weight: The Moderating Role of Maternal Depressive Symptoms.

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Date
2018-12-24
Authors
Schechter, Julia
Do, Elizabeth K
Zhang, Junfeng Jim
Hoyo, Cathrine
Murphy, Susan K
Kollins, Scott H
Fuemmeler, Bernard
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Abstract
Introduction:Both prenatal smoke exposure and depression have been linked to lower birth weight, a risk factor for morbidity and mortality. Few studies have looked at the interaction between these risk factors and none have used a biomarker to objectively measure prenatal smoke exposure. The current study sought to examine independent and interactive effects of cotinine and depression on birth weight. The effect of race was also explored. Method:Data were drawn from a prospective study of pregnant women (N=568) in the southeastern U.S. Maternal demographic, health information, depressive symptoms, and birth data were collected via self-report and medical record abstraction. Prenatal blood samples were assayed for cotinine. Results:Controlling for covariates, multiple regression analyses indicated that both cotinine and depressive symptoms independently predicted lower birth weight and a significant interaction was also observed. Upon probing the interaction, a negative association between cotinine levels and birth weight was found in the context of higher depression but not lower depression scores. Similarly, logistic regression analyses revealed a significant interaction between cotinine and depression, such that cotinine predicted having a baby < 2500 g among women who fell above the indicated cut-off score. African American women had the highest levels of cotinine and lowest weight babies; however, race was not a significant moderator. Conclusions:Results suggest prenatal smoke exposure has a greater negative effect on birth weight for women endorsing co-occurring depressive symptoms. Findings can inform targeted interventions and assist medical providers with identifying women at increased risk for poor perinatal outcomes. Implications:Despite the common occurrence of smoking during pregnancy and prenatal depression, the interaction between these risk factors on birth weight has rarely been examined. Further, the extant results have been mixed, likely due in part to difficulties in measurement. The current study was the first to use prenatal cotinine to assess bias-free, continuous levels of prenatal smoke exposure. Results indicate that prenatal cotinine was a significant predictor of birth weight only in the context of maternal depressive symptoms. These findings have important implications for mitigating negative perinatal outcomes for pregnant women and their children.
Type
Journal article
Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/10161/18071
Published Version (Please cite this version)
10.1093/ntr/nty267
Publication Info
Schechter, Julia; Do, Elizabeth K; Zhang, Junfeng Jim; Hoyo, Cathrine; Murphy, Susan K; Kollins, Scott H; & Fuemmeler, Bernard (2018). Effect of Prenatal Smoke Exposure on Birth Weight: The Moderating Role of Maternal Depressive Symptoms. Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. 10.1093/ntr/nty267. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/18071.
This is constructed from limited available data and may be imprecise. To cite this article, please review & use the official citation provided by the journal.
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Scholars@Duke

Kollins

Scott Haden Kollins

Adjunct Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
Scott H. Kollins, PhD received his undergraduate degree in psychology from Duke and his Master’s and Doctorate degrees in Clinical Psychology from Auburn University. After completing his clinical internship at the University of Mississippi Medical Center, where he served as Chief Intern, he joined the faculty of the Department of Psychology at Western Michigan University for three years, before joining the Duke faculty in 2000. Dr. Kollins has published more than 125 scientific pap
Murphy

Susan Kay Murphy

Associate Professor in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Dr. Murphy is a tenured Associate Professor in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and serves as Chief of the Division of Reproductive Sciences. As a molecular biologist with training in human epigenetics, her research interests are largely centered around the role of epigenetic modifications in health and disease. Dr. Murphy has ongoing projects on gynecologic malignancies, including approaches to eradicate ovarian cancer cells that survive chemotherapy and later give r
Schechter

Julia Corwin Schechter

Assistant Professor in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
Zhang

Junfeng Zhang

Professor of Global and Environmental Health
Dr. Zhang joined the Duke Faculty in fall 2013 from the University of Southern California where he had been a professor of environmental and global health and the director of Environmental and Biomarkers Analysis Laboratory since 2010. His prior positions include professor, department chair, and associate dean at the Rutgers School of Public Health. Dr. Zhang has more than 290 peer-reviewed publications. His work has been featured in major international media such as the Time, the New York Ti
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