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    Oxidative stress promotes SIRT1 recruitment to the GADD34/PP1α complex to activate its deacetylase function.

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    Date
    2018-02
    Authors
    Shenolikar, Shirish
    Lee, Irene Chengjie
    Ho, Xue Yan
    George, Simi Elizabeth
    Goh, Catherine Wenhui
    Sundaram, Jeyapriya Rajameenakshi
    Pang, Karen Ka Lam
    Luo, Weiwei
    Yusoff, Permeen
    Sze, Newman Siu Kwan
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    Abstract
    Phosphorylation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor, eIF2α, by stress-activated protein kinases and dephosphorylation by the growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein (GADD34)-containing phosphatase is a central node in the integrated stress response. Mass spectrometry demonstrated GADD34 acetylation at multiple lysines. Substituting K315 and K322 with alanines or glutamines did not impair GADD34's ability to recruit protein phosphatase 1α (PP1α) or eIF2α, suggesting that GADD34 acetylation did not modulate eIF2α phosphatase activity. Arsenite (Ars)-induced oxidative stress increased cellular GADD34 levels and enhanced Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) recruitment to assemble a cytoplasmic complex containing GADD34, PP1α, eIF2α and SIRT1. Induction of GADD34 in WT MEFs paralleled the dephosphorylation of eIF2α (phosphoserine-51) and SIRT1 (phosphoserine-47). By comparison, eIF2α and SIRT1 were persistently phosphorylated in Ars-treated GADD34-/- MEFs. Expressing WT GADD34, but not a mutant unable to bind PP1α in GADD34-/- MEFs restored both eIF2α and SIRT1 dephosphorylation. SIRT1 dephosphorylation increased its deacetylase activity, measured in vitro and in cells. Loss of function of GADD34 or SIRT1 enhanced cellular p-eIF2α levels and attenuated cell death following Ars exposure. These results highlighted a novel role for the GADD34/PP1α complex in coordinating the dephosphorylation and reactivation of eIF2α and SIRT1 to determine cell fate following oxidative stress.
    Type
    Journal article
    Subject
    Science & Technology
    Life Sciences & Biomedicine
    Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
    Cell Biology
    UNFOLDED PROTEIN RESPONSE
    ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM
    CELL-SURVIVAL
    DNA-DAMAGE
    INSULIN-RESISTANCE
    GADD34 PROTEIN
    26S PROTEASOME
    PHOSPHORYLATION
    EIF2-ALPHA
    ACETYLATION
    Permalink
    https://hdl.handle.net/10161/18125
    Published Version (Please cite this version)
    10.1038/cdd.2017.152
    Publication Info
    Shenolikar, Shirish; Lee, Irene Chengjie; Ho, Xue Yan; George, Simi Elizabeth; Goh, Catherine Wenhui; Sundaram, Jeyapriya Rajameenakshi; ... Sze, Newman Siu Kwan (2018). Oxidative stress promotes SIRT1 recruitment to the GADD34/PP1α complex to activate its deacetylase function. Cell death and differentiation, 25(2). pp. 255-267. 10.1038/cdd.2017.152. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/18125.
    This is constructed from limited available data and may be imprecise. To cite this article, please review & use the official citation provided by the journal.
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    Scholars@Duke

    Shenolikar

    Shirish Shenolikar

    Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
    Protein phosphorylation controls a wide range of physiological processes in mammalian tissues. Phosphorylation state of cellular proteins is controlled by the opposing actions of protein kinases and phosphatases that are regulated by hormones, neurotransmitters, growth factors and other environmental cues. Our research attempts to understand the communication between protein kinases and phosphatases that dictates cellular protein phosphorylation and the cell's response to hormones. Over the
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