Carbon Markets and Biogas Strategy in Indonesia
Abstract
In Indonesia, the world’s 4th most populated country, over 40% of the population continue
to lack access to reliable energy sources. These ca. 28 million households then rely
on the harvest and combustion of firewood to meet their daily cooking needs, contributing
to deforestation, eutrophication, and respiratory diseases from breathing smoke in
poorly ventilated households, one of the nation’s leading causes of premature death.
One promising energy alternative to address these issues is biogas. Produced by the
anaerobic digestion of organic matter (kitchen/farm waste, livestock dung) in a digestion
chamber, biogas is a clean and renewable energy that can be produced at no cost by
the households. Several programs have been initiated to disseminate this technology
in Indonesia, however they have continuously failed to meet their distribution and
compliance goals. Two national biogas programs initiated by the clients Su-re.co (Bali)
and Hivos (Jakarta) using different digester models were investigated to determine
the flaws and successes of each through water boiling tests, household air quality
measurements, financial analyses, and conversations with end users. Recommendations
were made to increase success through design changes, monitoring enhancements, and
tailored sizing/model selection and financing strategies. A final recommendation for
the most scalable and sustainable programs and digester designs was delivered to the
Indonesia Domestic Biogas Program (IDBP) to allow a fully market-based solution to
scale Indonesia’s biogas strategy.
Type
Master's projectSubject
biogasPermalink
https://hdl.handle.net/10161/20556Citation
Fitzpatrick, Robert (2020). Carbon Markets and Biogas Strategy in Indonesia. Master's project, Duke University. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/20556.Collections
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