Cocaine dependence does not contribute substantially to white matter abnormalities in HIV infection.
Abstract
This study investigated the association of HIV infection and cocaine dependence with
cerebral white matter integrity using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). One hundred
thirty-five participants stratified by HIV and cocaine status (26 HIV+/COC+, 37 HIV+/COC-,
37 HIV-/COC+, and 35 HIV-/COC-) completed a comprehensive substance abuse assessment,
neuropsychological testing, and MRI with DTI. Among HIV+ participants, all were receiving
HIV care and 46% had an AIDS diagnosis. All COC+ participants were current users and
met criteria for cocaine use disorder. We used tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS)
to assess the relation of HIV and cocaine to fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity
(MD). In whole-brain analyses, HIV+ participants had significantly reduced FA and
increased MD compared to HIV- participants. The relation of HIV and FA was widespread
throughout the brain, whereas the HIV-related MD effects were restricted to the corpus
callosum and thalamus. There were no significant cocaine or HIV-by-cocaine effects.
These DTI metrics correlated significantly with duration of HIV disease, nadir CD4+
cell count, and AIDS diagnosis, as well as some measures of neuropsychological functioning.
These results suggest that HIV is related to white matter integrity throughout the
brain, and that HIV-related effects are more pronounced with increasing duration of
infection and greater immune compromise. We found no evidence for independent effects
of cocaine dependence on white matter integrity, and cocaine dependence did not appear
to exacerbate the effects of HIV.
Type
Journal articleSubject
ThalamusCerebral Cortex
Corpus Callosum
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
Humans
HIV Infections
Cocaine-Related Disorders
CD4 Lymphocyte Count
Case-Control Studies
Neuropsychological Tests
Anisotropy
Adult
Middle Aged
Female
Male
Diffusion Tensor Imaging
White Matter
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https://hdl.handle.net/10161/22532Published Version (Please cite this version)
10.1007/s13365-017-0512-5Publication Info
Cordero, Daniella M; Towe, Sheri L; Chen, Nan-Kuei; Robertson, Kevin R; Madden, David
J; Huettel, Scott A; & Meade, Christina S (2017). Cocaine dependence does not contribute substantially to white matter abnormalities
in HIV infection. Journal of neurovirology, 23(3). pp. 441-450. 10.1007/s13365-017-0512-5. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/22532.This is constructed from limited available data and may be imprecise. To cite this
article, please review & use the official citation provided by the journal.
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Show full item recordScholars@Duke
Nan-kuei Chen
Adjunct Associate Professor in the Department of Radiology
Dr. Chen is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) physicist with research interest in
fast image acquisition methodology, pulse sequence design, MRI artifact correction,
and application of MRI to studies of neurological diseases. He has been developing
novel high-resolution imaging protocols and analysis procedures for mapping structural
and functional connectivity of brains. More generally, Dr. Chen's research involves
the application of MRI in translational contexts. He has been serving as the pr
Scott Huettel
Professor in the Department of Psychology and Neuroscience
Research in my laboratory investigates the brain mechanisms underlying economic and
social decision making; collectively, this research falls into the field of “decision
neuroscience” or "neuroeconomics". My laboratory uses fMRI to probe brain function,
behavioral assays to characterize individual differences, and other physiological
methods (e.g., eye tracking, pharmacological manipulation, genetics) to link brain
and behavior. Concurrent with research on basic processes, my labo
David Joseph Madden
Professor in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
My research focuses primarily on the cognitive neuroscience of aging: the investigation
of age-related changes in perception, attention, and memory, using both behavioral
measures and neuroimaging techniques, including positron emission tomography (PET),
functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).
The behavioral measures have focused on reaction time, with the goal of distinguishing
age-related changes in specific cognitive abilities from mo
Christina S. Meade
Visiting Associate Prof of Psychology & Neuroscience
Dr. Meade’s domestic research program focuses on predictors of HIV risk behavior in
adults with substance use and psychiatric disorders, and the relationship between
neuropsychiatric conditions and continued risk behavior in HIV-positive adults. She
is particularly interested in how drug addiction and HIV infection impact executive
functions, such as decision making, that lead individuals to engage in risky behaviors. Many
of her current projects incorporate MRI to isolate the effe
Sheri L Towe
Assistant Professor in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
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