Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is the 'gold standard' for quantifying pulmonic regurgitation (PR) in adults with congenital heart disease, but remains costly and is less readily available than echocardiography. Qualitative ...

BACKGROUND: An anomalous coronary artery from the opposite sinus of Valsalva may increase sudden death risk in children and young adults, and surgical intervention is often recommended. The impact of this lesion when recognized ...

INTRODUCTION: high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is a well-established inverse risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The extent to which cardiovascular risk can be modified through changes in HDL, however, is less ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Isolated partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) has been implicated as a cause of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH); however this condition is often overlooked in the diagnostic ...

BACKGROUND: Anemia is a marker of worsened clinical outcome in patients with heart failure from left ventricular dysfunction. Pulmonary hypertension often results in right ventricular dysfunction. Accordingly we sought to ...

Patients with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) after complete repair and pulmonic stenosis (PS) after surgical valvotomy often develop significant pulmonic regurgitation (PR) that eventually requires valve replacement. Although ...

BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY: Pulmonary hypertension frequently complicates mitral stenosis, with a subset of these patients exhibiting pressures well in excess of their mitral valve hemodynamics. The prevalence of this ...

BACKGROUND: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) repair and pulmonary valvotomy for pulmonary stenosis (PS) lead to progressive pulmonary insufficiency (PI), right ventricular enlargement and dysfunction. This study assessed whether ...

OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to assess the prevalence of provoked exercise desaturation (PED) in patients with patent foramen ovale (PFO) referred for cardiovascular evaluation and to evaluate the impact of PFO closure. ...