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In situ studies of the primary immune response to (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl. III. The kinetics of V region mutation and selection in germinal center B cells.
(J Exp Med, 1993-10-01)
In the murine spleen, germinal centers are the anatomic sites for antigen-driven hypermutation
and selection of immunoglobulin (Ig) genes. To detail the kinetics of Ig mutation
and selection, 178 VDJ sequences from ...
T helper cells in murine germinal centers are antigen-specific emigrants that downregulate Thy-1.
(J Exp Med, 1996-09-01)
After immunization, activated splenic T cells proliferate in periarteriolar lymphoid
sheaths (PALS) and subsequently migrate to the lymphoid follicle where they enter
nascent germinal centers. Analysis of TCR V(D)J gene ...
In situ studies of the primary immune response to (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl. IV. Affinity-dependent, antigen-driven B cell apoptosis in germinal centers as a mechanism for maintaining self-tolerance.
(J Exp Med, 1995-12-01)
Germinal centers (GCs) are the sites of antigen-driven V(D)J gene hypermutation and
selection necessary for the generation of high affinity memory B lymphocytes. Despite
the antigen dependence of this reaction, injection ...
In situ studies of the primary immune response to (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl. V. Affinity maturation develops in two stages of clonal selection.
(J Exp Med, 1998-03-16)
To examine the role of germinal centers (GCs) in the generation and selection of high
affinity antibody-forming cells (AFCs), we have analyzed the average affinity of (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl
(NP)-specific AFCs and ...
Heptahelical receptor signaling: beyond the G protein paradigm.
(J Cell Biol, 1999-05-31)
Overexpression of the cardiac beta(2)-adrenergic receptor and expression of a beta-adrenergic receptor kinase-1 (betaARK1) inhibitor both increase myocardial contractility but have differential effects on susceptibility to ischemic injury.
(Circ Res, 1999-11-26)
Cardiac beta(2)-adrenergic receptor (beta(2)AR) overexpression is a potential contractile
therapy for heart failure. Cardiac contractility was elevated in mice overexpressing
beta(2)ARs (TG4s) with no adverse effects under ...
Enhanced myocardial relaxation in vivo in transgenic mice overexpressing the beta2-adrenergic receptor is associated with reduced phospholamban protein.
(J Clin Invest, 1996-04-01)
To assess the effect of targeted myocardial beta-adrenergic receptor (AR) stimulation
on relaxation and phospholamban regulation, we studied the physiological and biochemical
alterations associated with overexpression of ...
Enhancement of cardiac function after adenoviral-mediated in vivo intracoronary beta2-adrenergic receptor gene delivery.
(J Clin Invest, 1999-07)
Exogenous gene delivery to alter the function of the heart is a potential novel therapeutic
strategy for treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure (HF). Before
gene therapy approaches to alter cardiac function ...
Expansion of the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor family: cloning and characterization of a human alpha 2-adrenergic receptor subtype, the gene for which is located on chromosome 2.
(Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1990-07)
Pharmacologic, biochemical, and genetic analyses have demonstrated the existence of
multiple alpha 2-adrenergic receptor (alpha 2AR) subtypes. We have cloned a human
alpha 2AR by using the polymerase chain reaction with ...
Relaxed negative selection in germinal centers and impaired affinity maturation in bcl-xL transgenic mice.
(J Exp Med, 1999-08-02)
The role of apoptosis in affinity maturation was investigated by determining the affinity
of (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl (NP)-specific antibody-forming cells (AFCs) and
serum antibody in transgenic mice that overexpress ...