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Now showing items 21-30 of 43

Changes in HIV risk behavior and seroincidence among clients presenting for repeat HIV counseling and testing in Moshi, Tanzania.

Crump, John Andrew; Fiorillo, SP; Itemba, DK; Landman, KZ; Mtalo, A; Ostermann, Jan; Thielman, Nathan Maclyn; ... (8 authors) (AIDS Care, 2012)

While HIV counseling and testing (HCT) has been considered an HIV preventive measure in Africa, data are limited describing behavior changes following HCT. This study evaluated behavior changes and estimated HIV seroincidence ...

Brucellosis among hospitalized febrile patients in northern Tanzania.

Afwamba, IA; Bartlett, John A; Biggs, HM; Bouley, AJ; Cleaveland, S; Crump, John Andrew; Kinabo, GD; ... (11 authors) (Am J Trop Med Hyg, 2012-12)

Acute and convalescent serum samples were collected from febrile inpatients identified at two hospitals in Moshi, Tanzania. Confirmed brucellosis was defined as a positive blood culture or a ≥ 4-fold increase in ...

Leptospirosis and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection among febrile inpatients in northern Tanzania.

Biggs, HM; Bui, DM; Crump, John Andrew; Galloway, RL; Maro, Venance P; Morrissey, AB (Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis, 2013-08)

BACKGROUND: Leptospirosis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are prevalent in many areas, including northern Tanzania, yet little is known about their interaction. METHODS: We enrolled febrile inpatients at ...

The Typhoid Fever Surveillance in Africa Program (TSAP): Clinical, Diagnostic, and Epidemiological Methodologies.

Aaby, P; Adu-Sarkodie, Y; Ali, M; Aseffa, A; Baker, S; Bjerregaard-Andersen, M; Breiman, RF; ... (32 authors) (Clin Infect Dis, 2016-03-15)

BACKGROUND: New immunization programs are dependent on data from surveillance networks and disease burden estimates to prioritize target areas and risk groups. Data regarding invasive Salmonella disease in sub-Saharan Africa ...

Invasive Salmonella infections in areas of high and low malaria transmission intensity in Tanzania.

Biggs, HM; Lester, R; Nadjm, B; Mtove, G; Todd, JE; Kinabo, GD; Philemon, R; ... (11 authors) (Clin Infect Dis, 2014-03)

BACKGROUND: The epidemiology of Salmonella Typhi and invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) differs, and prevalence of these pathogens among children in sub-Saharan Africa may vary in relation to malaria transmission intensity. ...

Comparing actual and perceived causes of fever among community members in a low malaria transmission setting in northern Tanzania.

Crump, John Andrew; Hertz, JT; Munishi, Oresto Michael; Reddy, Elizabeth A; Sharp, JP (Trop Med Int Health, 2013-11)

OBJECTIVE: To compare actual and perceived causes of fever in northern Tanzania. METHODS: In a standardised survey, heads of households in 30 wards in Moshi, Tanzania, were asked to identify the most common cause of fever ...

Early versus delayed fixed dose combination abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine in patients with HIV and tuberculosis in Tanzania.

Bartlett, John A; Crump, John Andrew; Kiwera, RA; Moon, AM; Ole-Nguyaine, S; Ramadhani, HO; Shao, HJ; ... (11 authors) (AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses, 2009-12)

Fixed dose combination abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine (ABC/3TC/ZDV) among HIV-1 and tuberculosis (TB)-coinfected patients was evaluated and outcomes between early vs. delayed initiation were compared. In a randomized, pilot ...

Evaluation of in-hospital management for febrile illness in Northern Tanzania before and after 2010 World Health Organization Guidelines for the treatment of malaria.

Biggs, HM; Crump, John Andrew; Maro, Venance P; Moon, AM; Reddy, Elizabeth A; Rubach, MP; Saganda, W (PLoS One, 2014)

OBJECTIVE: In 2010, the World Health Organization (WHO) published updated guidelines emphasizing and expanding recommendations for a parasitological confirmation of malaria before treating with antimalarials. This study ...

Lopinavir/ritonavir monotherapy after virologic failure of first-line antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited settings.

Aga, E; Badal-Faesen, S; Bartlett, John A; Crump, John Andrew; Hosseinipour, MC; Kallungal, BA; Katzenstein, DA; ... (14 authors) (AIDS, 2012-07-17)

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate virologic response rates of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) monotherapy as second-line antiretroviral treatment (ART) among adults in resource-limited settings (RLSs). DESIGN: An open-label pilot study ...

A Multicountry Molecular Analysis of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi With Reduced Susceptibility to Ciprofloxacin in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Al-Emran, HM; Ali, M; Baker, S; Biggs, HM; Bjerregaard-Andersen, M; Breiman, RF; Clemens, JD; ... (41 authors) (Clin Infect Dis, 2016-03-15)

BACKGROUND: Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi is a predominant cause of bloodstream infections in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Increasing numbers of S. Typhi with resistance to ciprofloxacin have been reported from different ...