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Trade-offs between cancer and other diseases: do they exist and influence longevity?

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Date
2010-08
Authors
Ukraintseva, Svetlana V
Arbeev, Konstantin G
Akushevich, Igor
Kulminski, Alexander
Arbeeva, Liubov
Culminskaya, Irina
Akushevich, Lucy
Yashin, Anatoli I
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Abstract
Relationships between aging, disease risks, and longevity are not yet well understood. For example, joint increases in cancer risk and total survival observed in many human populations and some experimental aging studies may be linked to a trade-off between cancer and aging as well as to the trade-off(s) between cancer and other diseases, and their relative impact is not clear. While the former trade-off (between cancer and aging) received broad attention in aging research, the latter one lacks respective studies, although its understanding is important for developing optimal strategies of increasing both longevity and healthy life span. In this paper, we explore the possibility of trade-offs between risks of cancer and selected major disorders. First, we review current literature suggesting that the trade-offs between cancer and other diseases may exist and be linked to the differential intensity of apoptosis. Then we select relevant disorders for the analysis (acute coronary heart disease [ACHD], stroke, asthma, and Alzheimer disease [AD]) and calculate the risk of cancer among individuals with each of these disorders, and vice versa, using the Framingham Study (5209 individuals) and the National Long Term Care Survey (NLTCS) (38,214 individuals) data. We found a reduction in cancer risk among old (80+) men with stroke and in risk of ACHD among men (50+) with cancer in the Framingham Study. We also found an increase in ACHD and stroke among individuals with cancer, and a reduction in cancer risk among women with AD in the NLTCS. The manifestation of trade-offs between risks of cancer and other diseases thus depended on sex, age, and study population. We discuss factors modulating the potential trade-offs between major disorders in populations, e.g., disease treatments. Further study is needed to clarify possible impact of such trade-offs on longevity.
Type
Journal article
Subject
Adult
Disease
Female
Humans
Longevity
Male
Middle Aged
Neoplasms
Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/10161/3295
Published Version (Please cite this version)
10.1089/rej.2009.0941
Publication Info
Ukraintseva, Svetlana V; Arbeev, Konstantin G; Akushevich, Igor; Kulminski, Alexander; Arbeeva, Liubov; Culminskaya, Irina; ... Yashin, Anatoli I (2010). Trade-offs between cancer and other diseases: do they exist and influence longevity?. Rejuvenation Res, 13(4). pp. 387-396. 10.1089/rej.2009.0941. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/3295.
This is constructed from limited available data and may be imprecise. To cite this article, please review & use the official citation provided by the journal.
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Scholars@Duke

Igor Akushevich

Research Professor in the Social Science Research Institute
Arbeev

Konstantin Arbeev

Associate Research Professor in the Social Science Research Institute
Konstantin G. Arbeev received the M.S. degree in Applied Mathematics from Moscow State University (branch in Ulyanovsk, Russia) in 1995 and the Ph.D. degree in Mathematics and Physics (specialization in Theoretical Foundations of Mathematical Modeling, Numerical Methods and Programming) from Ulyanovsk State University (Russia) in 1999. He was a post-doctoral fellow in Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research in Rostock (Germany) before moving to Duke University in 2004 to work as a Resea
Kulminskaya

Irina Kulminskaya

Research Scientist, Senior
Kulminski

Alexander Kulminski

Research Professor in the Social Science Research Institute
Ukraintseva

Svetlana Ukraintseva

Associate Research Professor in the Social Science Research Institute
Dr. Ukraintseva studies causes of human aging and related decline in resilience, to identify genetic and other factors responsible for the increase in mortality risk with age eventually limiting longevity. She explores complex relationships, including trade-offs, between physiological aging-changes and risks of major diseases (with emphasis on Alzheimer’s and cancer), as well as survival, to find new genetic and other targets for anti-aging interventions and disease prevention. S
Yashin

Anatoli I. Yashin

Research Professor in the Social Science Research Institute
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