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As worldwide population growth continues to rise, so does demand for seafood by consumers.
With this trend interest in sustainably certified seafood is also increasing. The
Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) standard for sustainable and well-managed fisheries
is considered the gold standard of fisheries certification worldwide. Because of fears
that they may lose markets if they do not become certified, many fisheries in the
U.S. and Canada, including the Maine lobster fishery, have recently begun to pursue
MSC certification.
Although certification provides a market-based incentive to improve sustainable fishing
practices, it is a costly and time-consuming process, and often imposes additional
requirements on fishing industries in order to meet certification standards. In order
to evaluate whether the costs of certification of the Maine lobster fishery are worth
the presumed benefits, I interviewed lobster industry members to learn about their
knowledge and attitude towards MSC certification; administered an online consumer
survey to understand consumers’ attitudes and purchasing preferences related to ecolabeled
lobster; and consulted with fisheries experts and representatives from other MSC-certified
fisheries to compile lessons learned.
The results of my three studies indicate that MSC certification of the Maine lobster
fishery could provide some benefits to the industry by helping it to tap new markets
in Europe, sell to retailers that have developed corporate sustainable seafood policies,
and preserve its current markets with large buyers like Wal-Mart. However, my results
also show that most consumers will likely be unwilling to pay a price premium for
MSC certified products, especially in this economy, and therefore a price increase
for MSC certified lobster should be avoided. Still, more research on the actual market
benefits of ecolabeling programs needs to be conducted to determine if they really
are providing benefits to fisheries while also promoting the health and sustainability
of wild marine species populations and the surrounding ecosystems they depend on.
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