REV1 Loss Triggers a G2/M Cell-Cycle Arrest Through Dysregulation of Mitotic Regulators
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<jats:p>Background: Genomic integrity is crucial to the cellular life cycle, which involves a tightly regulated process where cells progress through specific phases to ensure that fully replicated, undamaged DNA is inherited by daughter cells. Any dysfunction in this process or unrepaired DNA damage leads to cell cycle arrest and programmed cell death. Cancer cells are known to exploit these mechanisms to continue dividing. Usually, DNA damage arrests replication, allowing the DNA Damage Response (DDR) pathway to activate, which repairs the DNA or bypasses the damage to support cell survival and preserve genome integrity. For DNA damage bypass or translesion synthesis (TLS), a group of low-fidelity polymerases perform error-prone DNA synthesis opposite damaged bases, where REV1 functions as the main scaffolding protein. Previously, we reported non-TLS functions of REV1, including its role in triggering DNA damage-dependent specific DNA metabolic processes. Methods and Results: In this study, we demonstrate that REV1 plays a significant role in cell cycle progression and that its loss causes arrest at the G2/M phase in flow cytometry analysis. This unexpected phenotype includes dysregulation of G2/M regulators, such as Cyclin B1 and tubulins, in REV1-deficient cells compared to controls, as quantified by Western blot. Additionally, phosphorylation of histone H3 at serine 28 was significantly reduced in these REV1-deficient cells. These G2/M arrest features were even more pronounced in REV1-deficient cells treated with the tubulin inhibitor colchicine. Conclusions: Overall, this study reveals a previously unrecognized link between REV1 TLS polymerase inhibition and the G2/M cell cycle arrest.</jats:p>
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Buntin, Brailey, Madison Guyette, Vihit Gupta, Kanayo Ikeh, Sombodhi Bhattacharya, Erica N Lamkin, Allison Lafuze, Roxana del Rio-Guerra, et al. (n.d.). REV1 Loss Triggers a G2/M Cell-Cycle Arrest Through Dysregulation of Mitotic Regulators. Genes, 17(1). pp. 44–44. 10.3390/genes17010044 Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/34028.
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Scholars@Duke
Jiyong Hong
Research in the Hong group focuses on using chemical tools, in particular small molecules, to understand the signaling pathways in biology. We synthesize biologically interesting natural products and screen small molecule libraries to identify modulators of biological processes. Then, we explore their modes of action in order to investigate intracellular signaling pathways and identify novel targets for drug design. In addition, we design and develop unique and efficient synthetic strategies that will allow rapid access to molecular complexity and structural diversity. Through multidisciplinary approaches, including organic synthesis, molecular biology, and cell biology, the cellular components and molecular events that embody cancer, immune response, and GPCR signaling have systematically been explored. Compounds employed in these studies could also advance the development of novel therapeutics for the treatment of human diseases.
- Synthesis of Natural Products and Study of Mode of Action: We synthesize biologically interesting natural products and explore the modes of action in order to investigate intracellular signaling pathways and identify novel targets for drug design. Completed target molecules include largazole (a marine natural product with HDAC inhibitory activity), brasilibactin A (a cytotoxic siderophore), manassantins A and B (natural products with anti-HIF-1 activity), and subglutinols A and B (natural products with immunosuppressive activity).
- Development of Novel Synthetic Methodology: We design and develop unique and efficient synthetic strategies which will allow rapid access to molecular complexity and structural diversity. A specific area of interest includes the development of novel methods for the stereoselective synthesis of substituted tetrahydrofurans and tetrahydropyrans.
- Screen of Small Molecule Libraries for Identification of Small Molecule Modulators of Biological Processes: With the advent of combinatorial chemistry and other synthetic technologies, it is feasible to prepare large collections of synthetic organic molecules. These libraries are useful in providing molecules that can be used to probe relevant biological pathways. We are interested in identification of modulators of biological processes, including drug abuse and neurodegenerative diseases.
Through multidisciplinary approaches, the cellular components and molecular events that embody cancer, immune response, and neurodegenerative diseases are systematically explored. Compounds employed in these studies could also advance the development of novel therapeutics for the treatment of human diseases.
Pei Zhou
The Zhou lab focuses on the elucidation of the structure and dynamics of protein–protein and protein–ligand interactions and their functions in various cellular processes. Our current efforts are directed at enzymes and protein complexes involved in bacterial membrane biosynthesis, translesion DNA synthesis, co-transcriptional regulation, and host-pathogen interactions. Our investigations of these important cellular machineries have led to the development of novel antibiotics and cancer therapeutics, as well as the establishment of new biotechnology adventures.
The Zhou lab integrates a variety of biochemical and biophysical tools, including NMR, X-ray crystallography, cryo-EM, and enzymology. The lab has played a major role in the development and application of innovative NMR technologies, including high-resolution, high-dimensional spectral reconstruction techniques.
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