Measuring the Effectiveness of China’s Mangrove Nature Reserves (MNRs)

Abstract

This study evaluates the effectiveness of China’s Mangrove Nature Reserves (MNRs) from 2000 to 2015 using remote sensing, GIS, and econometric analysis. Results show that MNRs are effective in promoting mangrove afforestation and improving ecosystem productivity, especially in areas without prior mangrove cover. However, restoration efforts in existing mangrove zones show limited gains in biodiversity and climate regulation value, partly due to historical degradation and the way ecosystem services are valued. Provincial-level MNRs perform best overall, balancing ecological and socio-economic outcomes, while national-level MNRs face more challenges. The study recommends promoting afforestation in degraded areas, adopting flexible local management, and integrating community engagement. MNRs, especially in urban regions like the Pearl River Delta, also help buffer development pressures and support long-term ecological resilience.