Prevalence and associated outcomes of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) among women with HIV in Rwanda

Abstract

Background: Intimate partner violence is a preventable public health problem that disproportionality impacts women in Sub-Saharan Africa. Women with HIV have a higher burden due to HIV related stigma they may face. In Rwanda, women have higher incidences of HIV and intimate partner violence. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of IPV among women living with HIV in Rwanda as well as measure the difference in psychological outcomes, demographic data, and HIV related outcomes. Methods: This study conducts a secondary data analysis of a Cross-sectional, descriptive observational study. 162 Rwandan women living with HIV were purposefully recruited to participate in the survey. The instrument measured demographic data, Intimate partner violence, depression, HIV related stigma, coping, self-esteem, and hope. Results: The prevalence of IPV in the sample was 26.61% with psychological being the most prevalent followed by physical then sexual. Demographic data had no statistical significance with the prevalence of IPV. Women with HIV who experienced IPV had higher HIV stigma, lower coping self-efficacy, lower self-esteem, and less hope levels. Conclusions: Women who experience IPV have worse HIV psychological outcomes which could lead to decreased overall health outcomes. Further studies are needed to look into the correlation between the two as well as interventions addressing IPV prevention and awareness.