Association between Induction Start Time and Labor Duration in Nulliparous Women Undergoing Elective Induction of Labor.
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2025-10
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Abstract
This study aimed to examine the association between elective induction of labor (EIOL) start time and labor duration among nulliparous women.The ARRIVE trial was a multicenter randomized controlled trial of induction of labor at 390/7 to 394/7 weeks versus expectant management in low-risk nulliparous women. In this secondary analysis, we included participants randomized to the induction group who had an EIOL without spontaneous labor or rupture of membranes prior to the induction start. The start time of EIOL was categorized as: early a.m. (midnight to 5:59 a.m.), late AM (6 AM-11:59 a.m.), early p.m. (noon-5:59 p.m.), or late p.m. (6 p.m.-11:59 p.m.). The primary outcome was labor duration. Cesarean delivery rates by induction start time were also examined. Multivariable analysis was conducted controlling for age, body mass index, insurance status, and modified Bishop score on admission (<5 or ≥5).Of 3,062 women randomized to EIOL, 2,197 were included in this analysis. EIOL occurred in the early a.m. in 13%, in late a.m. in 28%, in early p.m. in 13%, and in late p.m. in 45%. Participants induced in the late a.m. had the shortest mean labor durations (21.5 ± 11.3 hours) and the highest frequency of delivery at < 24 hours (68%). In adjusted analyses, induction in the late a.m. (vs. grouped other time periods) remained significantly associated with shorter labor duration (-1.5 hours; confidence interval: -2.5 and -0.4; p = 0.006), and there was no interaction between Bishop score and time of EIOL. Cesarean delivery rates did not differ by start time.Induction of labor starting between 6 a.m. and 11:59 a.m. was associated with shorter labor durations, independent of baseline maternal characteristics including cervical status on admission. · Women were associated with shorter labor durations. · Cesarean delivery rates did not differ by EIOL start time.. · Differences in labor management by time of day may in part explain these findings..
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Facco, Francesca L, Cora MacPherson, Uma M Reddy, Alan TN Tita, Robert M Silver, Yasser Y El-Sayed, Ronald J Wapner, Dwight J Rouse, et al. (2025). Association between Induction Start Time and Labor Duration in Nulliparous Women Undergoing Elective Induction of Labor. American journal of perinatology, 42(14). pp. 1864–1870. 10.1055/a-2547-4196 Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/34055.
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Geeta Krishna Swamy
Geeta Swamy, MD, Haywood Brown, MD Distinguished Professor of Women’s Health, serves as Executive Vice Dean for Clinical Sciences & Research Administration for the Duke University School of Medicine and Associate Vice President for Research for Duke University. In these roles, Dr. Swamy oversees central operations aligned with clinical departments and research centers, facilitating research priorities in collaboration with clinical chairs and vice chairs, and managing research administration and compliance. She works closely with leadership across the Duke Health Integrated Practice (DHIP) and Duke University Health System (DUHS) on areas that intersect with the academic missions. She collaborates with leaders across the Duke University campus to provide a consistent vision for research administration, operations, quality, and accountability. Her responsibilities include overseeing pre- and post-award management for sponsored grants and contracts, human research, research quality, compliance, and integrity, conflict of interest, and other regulatory areas. As a highly accomplished clinician-scientist, Dr. Swamy’s research specializes in perinatal infection, maternal immunization, and complications of pregnancy.
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