Home blood pressure management and improved blood pressure control: results from a randomized controlled trial.

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2011-07

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Abstract

Background

To determine which of 3 interventions was most effective in improving blood pressure (BP) control, we performed a 4-arm randomized trial with 18-month follow-up at the primary care clinics at a Veterans Affairs Medical Center.

Methods

Eligible patients were randomized to either usual care or 1 of 3 telephone-based intervention groups: (1) nurse-administered behavioral management, (2) nurse- and physician-administered medication management, or (3) a combination of both. Of the 1551 eligible patients, 593 individuals were randomized; 48% were African American. The intervention telephone calls were triggered based on home BP values transmitted via telemonitoring devices. Behavioral management involved promotion of health behaviors. Medication management involved adjustment of medications by a study physician and nurse based on hypertension treatment guidelines.

Results

The primary outcome was change in BP control measured at 6-month intervals over 18 months. Both the behavioral management and medication management alone showed significant improvements at 12 months-12.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6%-24.1%) and 12.5% (95% CI, 1.3%-23.6%), respectively-but not at 18 months. In subgroup analyses, among those with poor baseline BP control, systolic BP decreased in the combined intervention group by 14.8 mm Hg (95% CI, -21.8 to -7.8 mm Hg) at 12 months and 8.0 mm Hg (95% CI, -15.5 to -0.5 mm Hg) at 18 months, relative to usual care.

Conclusions

Overall intervention effects were moderate, but among individuals with poor BP control at baseline, the effects were larger. This study indicates the importance of identifying individuals most likely to benefit from potentially resource intensive programs.

Trial registration

clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00237692.

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Humans, Hypertension, Antihypertensive Agents, Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory, Treatment Outcome, Combined Modality Therapy, Drug Administration Schedule, Follow-Up Studies, Health Behavior, Telemedicine, Blood Pressure, Research Design, Time Factors, United States Department of Veterans Affairs, Telephone, Adult, Aged, Middle Aged, Nurse Clinicians, Physicians, Ambulatory Care Facilities, Health Care Costs, Quality of Health Care, Quality Indicators, Health Care, United States, Female, Male, Drug Prescriptions, Telenursing, White People, Black or African American

Citation

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https://hdl.handle.net/10161/30063

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https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

Published Version (Please cite this version)

10.1001/archinternmed.2011.276

Publication Info

Bosworth, Hayden B, Benjamin J Powers, Maren K Olsen, Felicia McCant, Janet Grubber, Valerie Smith, Pamela W Gentry, Cynthia Rose, et al. (2011). Home blood pressure management and improved blood pressure control: results from a randomized controlled trial. Archives of internal medicine, 171(13). pp. 1173–1180. 10.1001/archinternmed.2011.276 Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/30063.

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