Fenestrated Endothelial Cells across Organs: Insights into Kidney Function and Disease.

dc.contributor.author

Mou, Xingrui

dc.contributor.author

Leeman, Sophia M

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Roye, Yasmin

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Miller, Carmen

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Musah, Samira

dc.date.accessioned

2024-12-29T06:35:01Z

dc.date.available

2024-12-29T06:35:01Z

dc.date.issued

2024-08

dc.description.abstract

In the human body, the vascular system plays an indispensable role in maintaining homeostasis by supplying oxygen and nutrients to cells and organs and facilitating the removal of metabolic waste and toxins. Blood vessels-the key constituents of the vascular system-are composed of a layer of endothelial cells on their luminal surface. In most organs, tightly packed endothelial cells serve as a barrier separating blood and lymph from surrounding tissues. Intriguingly, endothelial cells in some tissues and organs (e.g., choroid plexus, liver sinusoids, small intestines, and kidney glomerulus) form transcellular pores called fenestrations that facilitate molecular and ionic transport across the vasculature and mediate immune responses through leukocyte transmigration. However, the development and unique functions of endothelial cell fenestrations across organs are yet to be fully uncovered. This review article provides an overview of fenestrated endothelial cells in multiple organs. We describe their development and organ-specific roles, with expanded discussions on their contributions to glomerular health and disease. We extend these discussions to highlight the dynamic changes in endothelial cell fenestrations in diabetic nephropathy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, Alport syndrome, and preeclampsia, and how these unique cellular features could be targeted for therapeutic development. Finally, we discuss emerging technologies for in vitro modeling of biological systems, and their relevance for advancing the current understanding of endothelial cell fenestrations in health and disease.

dc.identifier

ijms25169107

dc.identifier.issn

1422-0067

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1422-0067

dc.identifier.uri

https://hdl.handle.net/10161/31821

dc.language

eng

dc.publisher

MDPI AG

dc.relation.ispartof

International journal of molecular sciences

dc.relation.isversionof

10.3390/ijms25169107

dc.rights.uri

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

dc.subject

Kidney

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Endothelial Cells

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Animals

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Humans

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Kidney Diseases

dc.title

Fenestrated Endothelial Cells across Organs: Insights into Kidney Function and Disease.

dc.type

Journal article

pubs.begin-page

9107

pubs.issue

16

pubs.organisational-group

Duke

pubs.organisational-group

Pratt School of Engineering

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School of Medicine

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Basic Science Departments

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Clinical Science Departments

pubs.organisational-group

Institutes and Centers

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Cell Biology

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Biomedical Engineering

pubs.organisational-group

Medicine

pubs.organisational-group

Medicine, Nephrology

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Duke Cancer Institute

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Duke Regeneration Center

pubs.publication-status

Published

pubs.volume

25

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