Protected areas and biodiversity conservation in India

dc.contributor.author

Ghosh-Harihar, Mousumi

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An, Ruby

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Athreya, Ramana

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Borthakur, Udayan

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Chanchani, Pranav

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Chetry, Dilip

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Datta, Aparajita

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Harihar, Abishek

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Karanth, Krithi K

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Mariyam, Dincy

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Mohan, Dhananjai

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Onial, Malvika

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Ramakrishnan, Uma

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Robin, VV

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Saxena, Ajai

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Shahabuddin, Ghazala

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Thatte, Prachi

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Vijay, Varsha

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Wacker, Kristen

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Mathur, Vinod B

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Pimm, Stuart L

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Price, Trevor D

dc.date.accessioned

2021-08-02T17:00:07Z

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2021-08-02T17:00:07Z

dc.date.issued

2019-09-01

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2021-08-02T16:59:44Z

dc.description.abstract

Three well-supported generalizations in conservation biology are that developing tropical countries will experience the greatest biodiversity declines in the near future, they are some of the least studied areas in the world, and in these regions especially, protection requires local community support. We assess these generalizations in an evaluation of protected areas in India. The 5% of India officially protected covers most ecoregions and protected areas have been an important reason why India has suffered no documented species extinctions in the past 70 years. India has strong legislation favouring conservation, government investment focused on 50 Tiger Reserves, and government compensation schemes that facilitate local support, all of which brighten future prospects. However, many protected areas are too small to maintain a full complement of species, making connectivity and species use of buffer zones a crucial issue. Conservation success and challenges vary across regions according to their development status. In less developed areas, notably the biodiverse northeast Himalaya, protected areas maintaining the highest biodiversity result from locally-focused efforts by dedicated individuals. Across India, we demonstrate considerable opportunities to increase local income through ecotourism. Our evaluation confirms a lack of data, increasing threats, and the importance of local support. Research on biodiversity in buffer zones, development of long-term monitoring schemes, and assessment of cash and conservation benefits from tourism are in particular need. For policy makers, two main goals should be the development of monitoring plans for ‘eco-sensitive zones’ around protected areas, and a strong emphasis on preserving established protected areas.

dc.identifier.issn

0006-3207

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1873-2917

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https://hdl.handle.net/10161/23523

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en

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Elsevier BV

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Biological Conservation

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10.1016/j.biocon.2019.06.024

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Science & Technology

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Life Sciences & Biomedicine

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Biodiversity Conservation

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Ecology

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Environmental Sciences

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Biodiversity & Conservation

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Environmental Sciences & Ecology

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Biodiversity

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Ecotourism

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Edge expansion

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Local community

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Northeast India

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Tiger Reserves

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TIGER PANTHERA-TIGRIS

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WESTERN-GHATS

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ARUNACHAL-PRADESH

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NATIONAL-PARK

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EXTINCTION

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FORESTS

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RESERVE

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INSIGHTS

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PATTERNS

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FRAGMENTATION

dc.title

Protected areas and biodiversity conservation in India

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Journal article

duke.contributor.orcid

Pimm, Stuart L|0000-0003-4206-2456

pubs.begin-page

114

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124

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Nicholas School of the Environment

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Environmental Sciences and Policy

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Duke Science & Society

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Duke

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Initiatives

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Institutes and Provost's Academic Units

pubs.publication-status

Published

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237

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