Narrating the Covid-19 Cyber-Memoryscape in China: from the Social Media Infodemic to the Politicisation of Pandemic

Abstract

When it comes to issues concerning the media and communication system in contemporary China , a monolithic view of a top-down, hierarchical order between the repressing party-state censorship vs. the repressed media dominates the discussion in general. It is true that all media are under surveillance and control of the party-state, and this is usually the central focus of existing scholarship in this area. However, the simple presence of media and information control does not predetermine the uses to which media are put. Today, under the digital transformation of contemporary media systems, alternative organizations and individuals can voice out and communicate with the public in the interconnected cyber space. Therefore, the previous absolute discursive power of the party-state has been divided, shifted, and distributed.The COVID-19 pandemic and infodemic crisis have already shown us that apart from the tightening online censorship and digital surveillance, there are more complex and even unpredictable processes of negotiation, contestation, competition and even conspiracy between different power dynamics. Those cyber activities and discourses that shape collective memories of this pandemic era can tell us much about the changing dynamics among the party-state, economy, media, and society, as well as the ways in which these forces interact and clash in China today. This thesis adopts a cultural studies approach that examines a series of online pandemic-narratives and some significant public events and social movements that had been caused and directed by these narratives. Chapter 1, from spatial dimension, illustrates the complexity of the dynamics between different powers that are moving between various knots in the meshy discursive (inter)net space. Chapter 2, from temporal dimension, demonstrates the complexity of the process, both the occurrence and development, of cyber public events and social movements in the arena of digital communication sphere. By drawing a series of cases from a wide range of media texts and communication practices, I try to move beyond the conventional dichotomy and to explore the vast array of variations concerning nationalism, class, and other social conflicts in contemporary China. It is my hope that by directing attention toward the complexities and interdependencies of these cyber activities and discourses, I could offer an alternative way of looking at Chinese media and communication system, as well as the drastic social changes under the crisis of pandemic.