Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) of vaccinators for Non-national Immunization Program (non-NIP) Vaccines in Primary Healthcare Vaccination Institutions across Yunnan, Liaoning, Hubei and Guangdong Provinces in China: a Case Study of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13)

Abstract

AbstractBackground: Understanding the KAP of vaccinators towards non-NIP vaccines is crucial, especially in a country as populous and diverse as China. This study focuses on the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13), highlighting the importance of this vaccine in preventing diseases like pneumonia, which poses a significant health threat to children under five years of age. Methods: Conducted in four provinces—Yunnan, Liaoning, Hubei, and Guangdong—this mixed-methods study combines quantitative data from 419 healthcare professionals with qualitative insights from 13 in-depth interviews. Measures focused on assessing KAP related to PCV13, with analysis leveraging multivariate linear regression and thematic analysis. Results: The study revealed moderate levels of knowledge among vaccinators about the PCV13 vaccine, with variability in attitudes and practices observed across provinces. While a significant portion of healthcare professionals demonstrated a proactive stance in recommending vaccines in their professional capacity, a notable discrepancy was observed in their personal practices, particularly concerning the vaccination of their own children with PCV13. Conclusions: This investigation underscores the complexities surrounding the KAP of vaccinators towards non-NIP vaccines in China. Identifying systemic factors affecting PCV13 implementation and addressing discrepancies between professional recommendations and personal practices are crucial steps toward improving vaccination rates.