Land Management in Madagascar: Balancing Conservation and Local Livelihoods

Abstract

Madagascar is a hotspot of biodiversity; over 90% of its species are endemic to the island. However, deforestation and strong dependence on forest resources pose barriers to conservation efforts. Tensions arise between the management of protected areas (PAs) and the local communities who rely on forests for their livelihoods. Understanding how PAs are managed and the perspectives of those involved in conservation and land management is critical for long-term success. This study uses interviews with land managers and conservation students to understand how communities are involved in PA management and how sustainable development and forest protection can simultaneously be achieved. Based on the findings from this study, I propose five principles for effective management – education, communication, collaboration, economic opportunities, sustainable use – that balance community wellbeing and forest protection.