Browsing by Subject "culture"
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Item Open Access Cross-Cultural Differences in Patient Perceptions of Dyskinesia in Parkinson's Disease.(Mov Disord, 2023-01-20) Kaasinen, Valtteri; Luo, Sheng; Martinez-Martin, Pablo; Goetz, Christopher G; Stebbins, Glenn TBACKGROUND: The prevalence of levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) in Parkinson's disease (PD) varies among geographical regions. Cultural differences in patient-based perceptions of LID have not been studied. OBJECTIVE: We compared patient and clinician evaluations of LID severity across multiple cultures in patients with PD. METHODS: The data set included the Unified Dyskinesia Rating (UDysRS) scores from 16 language translation programs (3566 patients). We defined the Perception Severity Index (PSI) as the ratio between normalized patient-based subjective ratings (UDysRS Part 1B) and normalized clinician examination (Parts 3 and 4) scores (Part 1B/Parts 3 + 4) and compared the PSI across languages. RESULTS: The mean PSI for the Chinese language (2.16) was higher than those of all other languages, whereas the ratio for the Korean language (0.73) was lower than those for Japanese, German, Turkish, Greek, Polish, and Finnish languages (corrected P values <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Culture, as represented by language, affects the subjective perception of LID and needs to be considered in multinational clinical PD trials on dyskinesia. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.Item Open Access Cultural Constraints and Policy Implementation: Effects of the Beijing License Plate Lottery on the Environment(Quarterly Journal of Political Science, 2024) Liu, AH; Malesky, EJItem Open Access Influence of Acellular Natural Lung Matrix on Murine Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation and Tissue Formation(2010) Cortiella, Joaquin; Niles, Jean; Cantu, Andrea; Brettler, Andrea; Pham, Anthony; Vargas, Gracie; Winston, Sean; Wang, Jennifer; Walls, Shannon; Nichols, Joan EWe report here the first attempt to produce and use whole acellular (AC) lung as a matrix to support development of engineered lung tissue from murine embryonic stem cells (mESCs). We compared the influence of AC lung, Gelfoam, Matrigel, and a collagen I hydrogel matrix on the mESC attachment, differentiation, and subsequent formation of complex tissue. We found that AC lung allowed for better retention of cells with more differentiation of mESCs into epithelial and endothelial lineages. In constructs produced on whole AC lung, we saw indications of organization of differentiating ESC into three-dimensional structures reminiscent of complex tissues. We also saw expression of thyroid transcription factor-1, an immature lung epithelial cell marker; prosurfactant protein C, a type II pneumocyte marker; PECAM-1/CD31, an endothelial cell marker; cytokeratin 18; a-actin, a smooth muscle marker; CD140a or platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha; and Clara cell protein 10. There was also evidence of site-specific differentiation in the trachea with the formation of sheets of cytokeratin-positive cells and Clara cell protein 10-expressing Clara cells. Our findings support the utility of AC lung as a matrix for engineering lung tissue and highlight the critical role played by matrix or scaffold-associated cues in guiding ESC differentiation toward lung-specific lineages.Item Open Access Is Green the New Red?: The Role of Religion in Creating a Sustainable China(Nature and Culture, 2013-01-01) Miller, JamesThe Chinese Daoist Association has embarked upon an ambitious agenda to promote Daoism as China's "green religion". This new construction of a "green Daoism" differs, however, from both traditional Chinese and modern Western interpretations of the affinity between Daoism and nature. In promoting Daoism as a green religion, the Chinese Daoist Association is not aiming to restore some mythical utopia of humans living in harmony with nature, but instead to support a nationalist agenda of patriotism and scientific development. At the same time, as I shall argue, this agenda may deliver positive benefits in the form of protecting the local environments around important sacred sites that are located in areas of outstanding natural beauty.Item Open Access Motivating children's cooperation to conserve forests.(Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology, 2022-04-18) Bowie, Aleah; Zhou, Wen; Tan, Jingzhi; White, Philip; Stoinski, Tara; Su, Yanjie; Hare, BrianForests are essential common-pool resources. Understanding children's and adolescents' motivations for conservation is critical to improving conservation education. In 2 experiments, we investigated 1086 school-aged children and adolescents (6-16 years old) from China, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and the United States. testING participants in groups, we assessed their motivation for conservation based on collective-risk common-pool goods games in which they are threatened with losing their endowment unless the group donation exceeds a threshold needed to maintain the forest.eExtrinsic motivations, rather than intrinsic , tended to lead to successful cooperation to maintain a forest. Certainty of losing individual payoffs significantly boosted successful cooperative conservation efforts across cultures (success rates were 90.63 % and 74.19% in the 2 risk-extrinsic conditions and 43.75% in the control condition). In U.S. participants, 2 extrinsic incentives, priming discussions of the value of forests and delay of payoffs as punishment , also increased success of cooperative conservation (success rates were 97.22% and 76.92% in the 2 extrinsic-incentive conditions and 29.19% and 30.77% in the 2 control conditions). Conservation simulations, like those we used, may allow educators to encourage forest protection by leading groups to experience successful cooperation and the extrinsic incentives needed to motivate forest conservation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Item Embargo Regeneration Through Laughter: The American Comedic National Fantasy After 9/11(2024) Pebesma, EvanRegeneration Through Laughter critically examines narratives about the power of US comedy to act as an antidote to the nation’s political problems. The project explores how post-9/11 film and television comedy develops a comedic utopianism, rooted in the notion of a distinctly national comedic spirit, which is then positioned as a tool to respond to major contemporary political issues, such as the degradation of democratic discourse, national polarization, and the War on Terror. Reading this comedic utopianism alongside political theory, national fantasy discourse, and scholarly commentary on US humor, this work evaluates the political efficacy of comedy in forwarding a vision for redeemed US nationhood. The analysis of comedic utopianism’s efficacy centers on the relationship between culture and politics, as this utopianism recasts political problems in culturalist terms and appeals to cultural forces (i.e., the aesthetic, the affective, civil society) to propose solutions to these problems. Regeneration Through Laughter argues that the culturalization of political problems ultimately undercuts comedic utopianism’s political potential by producing a bind in which the activation of cultural energies is only possible at the expense of depoliticizing the social issues this utopianism hoped to address.