Effect of Grandparent-grandchild Interaction on Socio-emotional and Cognitive Outcomes of Adolescent Grandchildren in Sri Lanka

Background: The role of grandparents has changed in response to social, economic and demographic factors, which may operate both in favour of or against the relationship between grandparents and their grandchildren. The potential positive impact of the grandparent-grandchild relationship on the development of adolescent grandchildren has been increasingly recognized, although relatively few studies have directly related this relationship to measures of child well-being. This study aims to examine the association between grandparent-grandchild interactions and socio-emotional and cognitive outcomes among adolescent grandchildren in Sri Lanka. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted within schools, temples, homes and community buildings in Galle District. An interviewer-assisted survey was used to collect data about the adolescent participants’ demographics, family and household information, grandparent relationships, empathy, and socio-emotional development. A cognitive test was used to assess the adolescents’ cognitive development. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to examine the association between the grandparent-grandchild relationship and adolescent outcomes. Results: Our results indicate that grandparent-grandchild relationships are significantly associated with adolescent socio-emotional and cognitive development. Conclusions: This study underlines the importance of the grandparent-grandchild relationship.