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<p>The goal of this dissertation is to inquire into how states balance economic motivations
and security concerns when pursuing sovereignty at borders. More precisely, the dissertation
examines tradeoffs between interdependence sovereignty -control over transborder flows--and
Westphalian sovereignty defined as exclusion of external actors from states' authoritative
space. Focusing on control over cross-border human mobility as the issue area, I
put forward the <italic>securitized interdependence framework</italic> as a theory
that encompasses economic and security logics of policy-making. Because migration
control rests at the nexus of economic/material and geopolitical/military dimensions
of state security, it provides an ideal testing ground for observing the interaction
of economic and security motives. The theoretical framework draws on the literature
on complex interdependence and the logic of the trading state to postulate empirically
verifiable propositions on migration control policies. </p><p>The central claim of
the dissertation is that human mobility is conditionally securitized and that security
logics are modulated by material/economic incentives. Facing informational asymmetries
vis-à-vis transnational terrorists, states rely on migration and border control strategies
to screen and deter non-state threats to security. However, economic interdependence--trade
and capital ties--mitigates fears over transnational terrorism by reconfiguring state
preferences, bolstering the relative salience of material concerns in policy-making,
tempering perceptions of threat, and creating vested interests at the domestic level.
</p><p>To test the theory I have collected and compiled data on i)visa restrictions
for pairs of 207 X 207 directed dyads ii)visa rejection rates for European Union and/or
Schengen member countries for the period 2003-2007, and iii)asylum recognition rates
for 20 select OECD recipient states for the period 1980-2007. I then use this data
to test the implications of the theory by distinguishing between economic/voluntary
and political/involuntary migration. Additionally, I tease out the distinct effects
of two different types of security concerns over transnational terrorism: a reputational
effect that considers origin country citizens' involvement in terrorism incidents
worldwide and a targeted/directed impact through which states take into account past
experience as targets of terrorism. To illustrate the effect of economic interdependence,
I analyze trade and capital flows separately and illustrate that both types of commercial
ties facilitate liberalization of controls over human mobility through direct and
indirect mechanisms. </p><p>I employ a variety of statistical techniques to study
the effect of economic and security concerns including several cross-sectional time
series techniques, structural break and recursive residual tests for temporal change,
and maximum likelihood. Furthermore, I complement my quantitative empirical analysis
with an in-depth process tracing approach that traces the evolution of Turkey's migration
policies in the context of Turkey's post-1980 economic liberalization. The qualitative
analysis makes use of primary and secondary resources obtained from archival field
work in Ankara and Istanbul, Turkey.</p><p>The dissertation demonstrates that the
impact of security concerns over transnational terrorism is contingent on the type
of migration policy under consideration. In particular, policies of control over
involuntary/political migration are guided by humanitarian and normative motives,
limiting the effect of security concerns. Furthermore, the securitization of visa
policies is strongest if recipient states are directly targeted by incidents of transnational
terrorism perpetrated by origin country nationals. While states take into account
incidents of global terrorism ---attacks against other country nationals or territories
by origin country citizens-- this channel of impact is more modest. Additionally,
empirical results show that economic interdependence effectively undercuts the effect
of global terrorism, driving migration control policies towards liberalization. In
sum, the dissertation demonstrates that ways in which states assert interdependence
sovereignty exhibit temporal and cross-sectional variation as well as functional differentiation
across types of border and migration control policies.</p>
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