A host gene expression approach for identifying triggers of asthma exacerbations.

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Lydon, Emily C

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Bullard, Charles

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Aydin, Mert

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Better, Olga M

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Mazur, Anna

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Nicholson, Bradly P

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Ko, Emily R

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McClain, Micah T

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Ginsburg, Geoffrey S

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Woods, Chris W

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Burke, Thomas W

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Henao, Ricardo

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Tsalik, Ephraim L

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Singanayagam, Aran

dc.date.accessioned

2019-11-01T15:05:57Z

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2019-11-01T15:05:57Z

dc.date.issued

2019-01

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2019-11-01T15:05:55Z

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RATIONALE:Asthma exacerbations often occur due to infectious triggers, but determining whether infection is present and whether it is bacterial or viral remains clinically challenging. A diagnostic strategy that clarifies these uncertainties could enable personalized asthma treatment and mitigate antibiotic overuse. OBJECTIVES:To explore the performance of validated peripheral blood gene expression signatures in discriminating bacterial, viral, and noninfectious triggers in subjects with asthma exacerbations. METHODS:Subjects with suspected asthma exacerbations of various etiologies were retrospectively selected for peripheral blood gene expression analysis from a pool of subjects previously enrolled in emergency departments with acute respiratory illness. RT-PCR quantified 87 gene targets, selected from microarray-based studies, followed by logistic regression modeling to define bacterial, viral, or noninfectious class. The model-predicted class was compared to clinical adjudication and procalcitonin. RESULTS:Of 46 subjects enrolled, 7 were clinically adjudicated as bacterial, 18 as viral, and 21 as noninfectious. Model prediction was congruent with clinical adjudication in 15/18 viral and 13/21 noninfectious cases, but only 1/7 bacterial cases. None of the adjudicated bacterial cases had confirmatory microbiology; the precise etiology in this group was uncertain. Procalcitonin classified only one subject in the cohort as bacterial. 47.8% of subjects received antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS:Our model classified asthma exacerbations by the underlying bacterial, viral, and noninfectious host response. Compared to clinical adjudication, the majority of discordances occurred in the bacterial group, due to either imperfect adjudication or model misclassification. Bacterial infection was identified infrequently by all classification schemes, but nearly half of subjects were prescribed antibiotics. A gene expression-based approach may offer useful diagnostic information in this population and guide appropriate antibiotic use.

dc.identifier

PONE-D-18-34271

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1932-6203

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1932-6203

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https://hdl.handle.net/10161/19463

dc.language

eng

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Public Library of Science (PLoS)

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PloS one

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10.1371/journal.pone.0214871

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Science & Technology

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Multidisciplinary Sciences

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Science & Technology - Other Topics

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COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA

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REQUIRING HOSPITALIZATION

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PERIPHERAL-BLOOD

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PROCALCITONIN

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ANTIBIOTICS

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SIGNATURE

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CHILDREN

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ETIOLOGY

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INFECTIONS

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BACTERIAL

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A host gene expression approach for identifying triggers of asthma exacerbations.

dc.type

Journal article

duke.contributor.orcid

Ginsburg, Geoffrey S|0000-0003-4739-9808

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Woods, Chris W|0000-0001-7240-2453

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Burke, Thomas W|0000-0003-0592-5822

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Henao, Ricardo|0000-0003-4980-845X

duke.contributor.orcid

Tsalik, Ephraim L|0000-0002-6417-2042

pubs.begin-page

e0214871

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4

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School of Medicine

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Duke

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Nursing

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School of Nursing

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Duke Cancer Institute

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Institutes and Centers

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Pathology

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Clinical Science Departments

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Medicine, Cardiology

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Medicine

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Medicine, Infectious Diseases

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Duke Global Health Institute

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University Institutes and Centers

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Institutes and Provost's Academic Units

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Staff

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Electrical and Computer Engineering

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Pratt School of Engineering

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Duke Clinical Research Institute

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Biostatistics & Bioinformatics

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Basic Science Departments

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Molecular Genetics and Microbiology

pubs.publication-status

Published

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14

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