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Increased leptin levels correlate with thyroid autoantibodies in nonobese males.

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Date
2016-07
Authors
MacIver, Nancie J
Thomas, Steven M
Green, Cynthia L
Worley, Gordon
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Leptin is an adipokine that regulates body weight and appetite. It is also an inflammatory cytokine that influences immune reactivity and autoimmunity. Leptin levels are increased in obesity and are higher in women than in men. We aimed to determine whether leptin levels, independent of sex and body mass index (BMI), are associated with thyroid autoimmunity. DESIGN: This study uses data from The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) to test the association of leptin and thyroid autoimmunity, independent of BMI. MEASUREMENTS: Thyroid-stimulating hormone, thyroxine, antithyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies and leptin levels were measured in 2902 men and 3280 women within the NHANES III population. BMI was calculated from height and weight. RESULTS: Women had significantly higher leptin levels and anti-TPO antibody titres than men. Correlation analyses demonstrated that leptin levels were associated with anti-TPO antibody levels in the total population, but when men and women were analysed separately, this association was lost. We then stratified men and women into obese (BMI > 30) or nonobese (BMI ≤ 30) subgroups and determined the association between leptin levels and anti-TPO antibody titres for each subgroup. Using regression analysis, we found that increased leptin levels correlated with thyroid autoantibodies in nonobese males, but not in obese males or in females. CONCLUSIONS: Leptin levels correlated with thyroid autoantibody titres in nonobese males. This association was not found in females. Sex and body habitus should therefore be considered in studying the role of leptin in other autoimmune conditions.
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Journal article
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https://hdl.handle.net/10161/11063
Published Version (Please cite this version)
10.1111/cen.12963
Publication Info
MacIver, Nancie J; Thomas, Steven M; Green, Cynthia L; & Worley, Gordon (2016). Increased leptin levels correlate with thyroid autoantibodies in nonobese males. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 85(1). pp. 116-121. 10.1111/cen.12963. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/11063.
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Scholars@Duke

Green

Cynthia Lea Green

Associate Professor of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics
Survival Analysis Longitudinal Data Analysis Logistic Regression Missing Data Clinical Trial Methods Maximum Likelihood Methods
MacIver

Nancie Jo MacIver

Adjunct Associate Professor in the Department of Pediatrics
My laboratory is broadly interested in how large changes in nutritional status (e.g. malnutrition or obesity) influence T cell immunity.  Malnutrition can lead to immunodeficiency and increased risk of infection, whereas obesity is associated with inflammation that promotes multiple diseases including autoimmunity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.  We have identified the adipocyte-secreted hormone leptin as a critical link between nutrition and immunity.  Leptin is
Worley

Gordon Worley

Professor Emeritus of Pediatrics
Dr. Gordon Worley specializes in Neurodevelopmental Disabilities, a sub-specialty of Pediatrics focusing on  the management of the medical problems of children with physical disabilities. The principal diagnoses he treats are cerebral palsy, spina bifida, and Down syndrome. HIs research pertains to clinical problems of children with these conditions. Current research interests include genetic factors influencing outcomes of Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants using analyses of a large data s
Alphabetical list of authors with Scholars@Duke profiles.
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