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Hair cortisol as a biomarker of stress in mindfulness training for smokers.

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Date
2014-08
Authors
Goldberg, Simon B
Manley, Alison R
Smith, Stevens S
Greeson, Jeffrey M
Russell, Evan
Van Uum, Stan
Koren, Gideon
Davis, James M
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(8 total)
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Stress is a well-known predictor of smoking relapse, and cortisol is a primary biomarker of stress. The current pilot study examined changes in levels of cortisol in hair within the context of two time-intensity matched behavioral smoking cessation treatments: mindfulness training for smokers and a cognitive-behavioral comparison group. PARTICIPANTS: Eighteen participants were recruited from a larger randomized controlled trial of smoking cessation. OUTCOME MEASURES: Hair samples (3 cm) were obtained 1 month after quit attempt, allowing for a retrospective analysis of hair cortisol at preintervention and post-quit attempt time periods. Self-reported negative affect was also assessed before and after treatment. INTERVENTION: Both groups received a 7-week intensive intervention using mindfulness or cognitive-behavioral strategies. RESULTS: Cortisol significantly decreased from baseline to 1 month after quit attempt in the entire sample (d=-0.35; p=.005). In subsequent repeated-measures analysis of variance models, time by group and time by quit status interaction effects were not significant. However, post hoc paired t tests yielded significant pre-post effects among those randomly assigned to the mindfulness condition (d=-0.48; p=.018) and in those abstinent at post-test (d=-0.41; p=.004). Decreased hair cortisol correlated with reduced negative affect (r=.60; p=.011). CONCLUSIONS: These preliminary findings suggest that smoking cessation intervention is associated with decreased hair cortisol levels and that reduced hair cortisol may be specifically associated with mindfulness training and smoking abstinence. RESULTS support the use of hair cortisol as a novel objective biomarker in future research.
Type
Journal article
Subject
Adult
Biomarkers
Blood Pressure
Female
Hair
Humans
Hydrocortisone
Male
Middle Aged
Mindfulness
Retrospective Studies
Smoking Cessation
Stress, Psychological
Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/10161/11687
Published Version (Please cite this version)
10.1089/acm.2014.0080
Publication Info
Goldberg, Simon B; Manley, Alison R; Smith, Stevens S; Greeson, Jeffrey M; Russell, Evan; Van Uum, Stan; ... Davis, James M (2014). Hair cortisol as a biomarker of stress in mindfulness training for smokers. J Altern Complement Med, 20(8). pp. 630-634. 10.1089/acm.2014.0080. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/11687.
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Scholars@Duke

Davis

James Davis

Associate Professor of Medicine
Dr. James Davis is a practicing physician of Internal Medicine, and serves as the Medical Director for Duke Center for Smoking Cessation, Director of the Duke Smoking Cessation Program and Co-Director of the Duke-UNC Tobacco Treatment Specialist Credentialing Program.  His research focuses on development of new pharmaceutical treatments for smoking cessation.  He is principal investigator on several trials including a study on “adaptive” smoking cessation and several trials

Jeffrey Michael Greeson

Adjunct Assistant Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
- Biological mechanisms linking emotion, stress and health (psychoneuroimmunology) - Effects of mindfulness meditation on stress reduction, sleep quality, and cardiovascular risk profile - Integrative medicine clinical outcomes research - Advanced statistical modeling (e.g., SEM, HLM)
This author no longer has a Scholars@Duke profile, so the information shown here reflects their Duke status at the time this item was deposited.
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