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A standardized method to determine the concentration of extracellular vesicles using tunable resistive pulse sensing.

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Date
2016
Authors
Vogel, Robert
Coumans, Frank AW
Maltesen, Raluca G
Böing, Anita N
Bonnington, Katherine E
Broekman, Marike L
Broom, Murray F
Buzás, Edit I
Christiansen, Gunna
Hajji, Najat
Kristensen, Søren R
Kuehn, Meta J
Lund, Sigrid M
Maas, Sybren LN
Nieuwland, Rienk
Osteikoetxea, Xabier
Schnoor, Rosalie
Scicluna, Benjamin J
Shambrook, Mitch
de Vrij, Jeroen
Mann, Stephen I
Hill, Andrew F
Pedersen, Shona
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(23 total)
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Understanding the pathogenic role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in disease and their potential diagnostic and therapeutic utility is extremely reliant on in-depth quantification, measurement and identification of EV sub-populations. Quantification of EVs has presented several challenges, predominantly due to the small size of vesicles such as exosomes and the availability of various technologies to measure nanosized particles, each technology having its own limitations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A standardized methodology to measure the concentration of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has been developed and tested. The method is based on measuring the EV concentration as a function of a defined size range. Blood plasma EVs are isolated and purified using size exclusion columns (qEV) and consecutively measured with tunable resistive pulse sensing (TRPS). Six independent research groups measured liposome and EV samples with the aim to evaluate the developed methodology. Each group measured identical samples using up to 5 nanopores with 3 repeat measurements per pore. Descriptive statistics and unsupervised multivariate data analysis with principal component analysis (PCA) were used to evaluate reproducibility across the groups and to explore and visualise possible patterns and outliers in EV and liposome data sets. RESULTS: PCA revealed good reproducibility within and between laboratories, with few minor outlying samples. Measured mean liposome (not filtered with qEV) and EV (filtered with qEV) concentrations had coefficients of variance of 23.9% and 52.5%, respectively. The increased variance of the EV concentration measurements could be attributed to the use of qEVs and the polydisperse nature of EVs. CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrate the feasibility of this standardized methodology to facilitate comparable and reproducible EV concentration measurements.
Type
Journal article
Subject
Coulter counter
EV
colloids
concentration
exosomes
extracellular vesicles
microparticles
micropores
nanoparticles
nanopores
resistive pulse sensing
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https://hdl.handle.net/10161/13026
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Scholars@Duke

Kuehn

Margarethe Joanna Kuehn

Associate Professor of Biochemistry
Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) causes traveler's diarrhea and infant mortality in underdeveloped countries, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen for immunocompromised patients. Like all gram negative bacteria studied to date, ETEC and P. aeruginosa produce small outer membrane vesicles that can serve as delivery "bombs" to host tissues. Vesicles contain a subset of outer membrane and soluble periplasmic proteins and lipids. In tissues and sera of infected hosts,
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