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Risks and Benefits Associated With Prestroke Antiplatelet Therapy Among Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke Treated With Intravenous Tissue Plasminogen Activator.

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Date
2016-01
Authors
Xian, Ying
Federspiel, Jerome J
Grau-Sepulveda, Maria
Hernandez, Adrian F
Schwamm, Lee H
Bhatt, Deepak L
Smith, Eric E
Reeves, Mathew J
Thomas, Laine
Webb, Laura
Bettger, Janet Prvu
Laskowitz, Daniel T
Fonarow, Gregg C
Peterson, Eric D
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(14 total)
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Abstract
Intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is known to improve outcomes in ischemic stroke; however, many patients may have been receiving antiplatelet therapy before acute ischemic stroke and could face an increased risk for bleeding when treated with tPA.To assess the risks and benefits associated with prestroke antiplatelet therapy among patients with ischemic stroke who receive intravenous tPA.This observational study used data from the American Heart Association and American Stroke Association Get With the Guidelines-Stroke registry, which included 85 072 adult patients with ischemic stroke who received intravenous tPA in 1545 registry hospitals from January 1, 2009, through March 31, 2015. Data were analyzed during the same period.Prestroke antiplatelet therapy before tPA administration for acute ischemic stroke.Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), in-hospital mortality, discharge ambulatory status, and modified Rankin Scale score (range, 0 [no symptoms] to 6 [death]).Of the 85 072 registry patients, 38 844 (45.7%) were receiving antiplatelet therapy before admission; 46 228 patients (54.3%) were not. Patients receiving antiplatelet therapy were older (median [25th-75th percentile] age, 76 [65-84] vs 68 [56-80] years) and had a higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. The unadjusted rate of sICH was higher in patients receiving antiplatelet therapy (5.0% vs 3.7%). After risk adjustment, prior use of antiplatelet agents remained associated with higher odds of sICH compared with no use (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.18 [95% CI, 1.10-1.28]; absolute difference, +0.68% [95% CI, 0.36%-1.01%]; number needed to harm [NNH], 147). Among patients enrolled on October 1, 2012, or later, the highest odds (95% CIs) of sICH were found in 15 116 patients receiving aspirin alone (AOR, 1.19 [1.06- 1.34]; absolute difference [95% CI], +0.68% [0.21%-1.20%]; NNH, 147) and 2397 patients receiving dual antiplatelet treatment of aspirin and clopidogrel (AOR, 1.47 [1.16-1.86]; absolute difference, +1.67% [0.58%-3.00%]; NNH, 60). The risk for in-hospital mortality was similar between those who were and were not receiving antiplatelet therapy after adjustment (8.0% vs 6.6%; AOR, 1.00 [0.94-1.06]; nonsignificant absolute difference, -0.01% [-0.37% to 0.36%]). However, patients receiving antiplatelet therapy had a greater risk-adjusted likelihood of independent ambulation (42.1% vs 46.6%; AOR, 1.13 [1.08-1.17]; absolute difference, +2.23% [1.55%-2.92%]; number needed to treat, 43) and better functional outcomes (modified Rankin Scale score, 0-1) at discharge (24.1% vs 27.8%; AOR, 1.14; 1.07-1.22; absolute difference, +1.99% [0.78%-3.22%]; number needed to treat, 50).Among patients with an acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous tPA, those receiving antiplatelet therapy before the stroke had a higher risk for sICH but better functional outcomes than those who were not receiving antiplatelet therapy.
Type
Journal article
Subject
Humans
Brain Ischemia
Cerebral Hemorrhage
Tissue Plasminogen Activator
Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
Treatment Outcome
Registries
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Retrospective Studies
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Middle Aged
Female
Male
Stroke
Administration, Intravenous
Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/10161/21716
Published Version (Please cite this version)
10.1001/jamaneurol.2015.3106
Publication Info
Xian, Ying; Federspiel, Jerome J; Grau-Sepulveda, Maria; Hernandez, Adrian F; Schwamm, Lee H; Bhatt, Deepak L; ... Peterson, Eric D (2016). Risks and Benefits Associated With Prestroke Antiplatelet Therapy Among Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke Treated With Intravenous Tissue Plasminogen Activator. JAMA neurology, 73(1). pp. 50-59. 10.1001/jamaneurol.2015.3106. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/21716.
This is constructed from limited available data and may be imprecise. To cite this article, please review & use the official citation provided by the journal.
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Scholars@Duke

Bettger

Janet Prvu Bettger

Associate Professor in Orthopaedic Surgery
Dr. Bettger’s research is dedicated to establishing real world evidence aimed to improve health care quality and policies that reduce the burden of disease and disability. As a health services researcher and implementation scientist, her research extends from observational studies to randomized and pragmatic trials. She is currently the Director of Duke Roybal Center for Translational Research in the Behavioral and Social Sciences of Aging and Director of Undergraduate Initiatives
Hernandez

Adrian Felipe Hernandez

Professor of Medicine
Laskowitz

Daniel Todd Laskowitz

Professor of Neurology
Our laboratory uses molecular biology, cell culture, and animal modeling techniques to examine the CNS response to acute injury. In particular, our laboratory examines the role of microglial activation and the endogenous CNS inflammatory response in exacerbating secondary injury following acute brain insult. Much of the in vitro work in this laboratory is dedicated to elucidating cellular responses to injury with the ultimate goal of exploring new therapeutic interventions in the clinical settin
Peterson

Eric David Peterson

Fred Cobb, M.D. Distinguished Professor of Medicine
Dr Peterson is the Fred Cobb Distinguished Professor of Medicine in the Division of Cardiology, a DukeMed Scholar, and the Past Executive Director of the Duke Clinical Research Institute (DCRI), Durham, NC, USA. Dr Peterson is the Principal Investigator of the National Institute of Health, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Spironolactone Initiation Registry Randomized Interventional Trial in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction (SPIRRIT) Trial  He is also the Principal I
This author no longer has a Scholars@Duke profile, so the information shown here reflects their Duke status at the time this item was deposited.
Thomas

Laine Elliott Thomas

Associate Professor of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics
Measurement error, longitudinal data, joint modeling
Xian

Ying Xian

Associate Professor in Neurology
Dr. Xian is an Associate Professor of Neurology and Medicine at the Duke University Medical Center and Duke Clinical Research Institute. He received his Medical Degree from Beijing Medical University (Peking University Health Science Center) and completed an Internal Medicine Residency and Cardiology Fellowship at Peking University People’s Hospital, and Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College. Dr. Xian’s research is dedicated to improving health care quality and outcomes in
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