PAMPs and DAMPs: signal 0s that spur autophagy and immunity.
Abstract
Pathogen-associated molecular pattern molecules (PAMPs) are derived from microorganisms
and recognized by pattern recognition receptor (PRR)-bearing cells of the innate immune
system as well as many epithelial cells. In contrast, damage-associated molecular
pattern molecules (DAMPs) are cell-derived and initiate and perpetuate immunity in
response to trauma, ischemia, and tissue damage, either in the absence or presence
of pathogenic infection. Most PAMPs and DAMPs serve as so-called 'Signal 0s' that
bind specific receptors [Toll-like receptors, NOD-like receptors, RIG-I-like receptors,
AIM2-like receptors, and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE)]
to promote autophagy. Autophagy, a conserved lysosomal degradation pathway, is a cell
survival mechanism invoked in response to environmental and cellular stress. Autophagy
is inferred to have been present in the last common eukaryotic ancestor and only to
have been lost by some obligatory intracellular parasites. As such, autophagy represents
a unifying biology, subserving survival and the earliest host defense strategies,
predating apoptosis, within eukaryotes. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding
of autophagic molecular mechanisms and functions in emergent immunity.
Type
Journal articleSubject
AnimalsHumans
Inflammation
Signal Transduction
Apoptosis
Immunity
Autophagy
Receptors, Pattern Recognition
Toll-Like Receptors
Immunity, Innate
Infections
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https://hdl.handle.net/10161/22596Published Version (Please cite this version)
10.1111/j.1600-065x.2012.01146.xPublication Info
Tang, Daolin; Kang, Rui; Coyne, Carolyn B; Zeh, Herbert J; & Lotze, Michael T (2012). PAMPs and DAMPs: signal 0s that spur autophagy and immunity. Immunological reviews, 249(1). pp. 158-175. 10.1111/j.1600-065x.2012.01146.x. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/22596.This is constructed from limited available data and may be imprecise. To cite this
article, please review & use the official citation provided by the journal.
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Show full item recordScholars@Duke
Carolyn Coyne
Professor of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology
We study the pathways by which microorganisms cross cellular barriers and the mechanisms
by which these barriers restrict microbial infections. Our studies primarily focus
on the epithelium that lines the gastrointestinal tract and on placental trophoblasts,
the cells that comprise a key cellular barrier of the human placenta. Our work is
highly multidisciplinary and encompasses aspects of cell biology, immunology, and
microbiology. Our long-term goals are to identify pathogen- and host-spe

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