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Differential developmental trajectories of magnetic susceptibility in human brain gray and white matter over the lifespan.
(Hum Brain Mapp, 2014-06)
As indicated by several recent studies, magnetic susceptibility of the brain is influenced
mainly by myelin in the white matter and by iron deposits in the deep nuclei. Myelination
and iron deposition in the brain evolve ...
Institutional review boards' use and understanding of certificates of confidentiality.
(PloS one, 2012-01)
Certificates of Confidentiality, issued by agencies of the U.S. government, are regarded
as an important tool for meeting ethical and legal obligations to safeguard research
participants' privacy and confidentiality. By ...
Hydroxycarbamide versus chronic transfusion for maintenance of transcranial doppler flow velocities in children with sickle cell anaemia-TCD With Transfusions Changing to Hydroxyurea (TWiTCH): a multicentre, open-label, phase 3, non-inferiority trial.
(Lancet, 2016-02-13)
BACKGROUND: For children with sickle cell anaemia and high transcranial doppler (TCD)
flow velocities, regular blood transfusions can effectively prevent primary stroke,
but must be continued indefinitely. The efficacy of ...
Fear learning circuitry is biased toward generalization of fear associations in posttraumatic stress disorder.
(Transl Psychiatry, 2015-12-15)
Fear conditioning is an established model for investigating posttraumatic stress disorder
(PTSD). However, symptom triggers may vaguely resemble the initial traumatic event,
differing on a variety of sensory and affective ...
Cardiorespiratory fitness and cognitive function in midlife: neuroprotection or neuroselection?
(Ann Neurol, 2015-04)
OBJECTIVE: A study was undertaken to determine whether better cognitive functioning
at midlife among more physically fit individuals reflects neuroprotection, by which
fitness protects against age-related cognitive decline, ...
A neural biomarker of psychological vulnerability to future life stress.
(Neuron, 2015-02-04)
We all experience a host of common life stressors such as the death of a family member,
medical illness, and financial uncertainty. While most of us are resilient to such
stressors, continuing to function normally, for a ...
Steps to Health employee weight management randomized control trial: short-term follow-up results.
(J Occup Environ Med, 2015-02)
OBJECTIVE: To present the short-term follow-up findings of the Steps to Health study,
a randomized trial to evaluate the effectiveness of two employee weight management
programs offered within Duke University and the Health ...
Less wiring, more firing: low-performing older adults compensate for impaired white matter with greater neural activity.
(Cereb Cortex, 2015-04)
The reliable neuroimaging finding that older adults often show greater activity (over-recruitment)
than younger adults is typically attributed to compensation. Yet, the neural mechanisms
of over-recruitment in older adults ...
A community-based intervention increases physical activity and reduces obesity in school-age children in North Carolina.
(Child Obes, 2015-06)
BACKGROUND: Community-based interventions are promising approaches to obesity prevention,
but few studies have prospectively evaluated them. The aim of this study was to evaluate
a natural experiment—a community intervention ...
Cross-hemispheric collaboration and segregation associated with task difficulty as revealed by structural and functional connectivity.
(J Neurosci, 2015-05-27)
Although it is known that brain regions in one hemisphere may interact very closely
with their corresponding contralateral regions (collaboration) or operate relatively
independent of them (segregation), the specific brain ...