Clinical and pathological characteristics of HIV- and HHV-8-negative Castleman disease.

Abstract

Castleman disease (CD) comprises 3 poorly understood lymphoproliferative variants sharing several common histopathological features. Unicentric CD (UCD) is localized to a single region of lymph nodes. Multicentric CD (MCD) manifests with systemic inflammatory symptoms and organ dysfunction due to cytokine dysregulation and involves multiple lymph node regions. Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) causes MCD (HHV-8-associated MCD) in immunocompromised individuals, such as HIV-infected patients. However, >50% of MCD cases are HIV and HHV-8 negative (defined as idiopathic [iMCD]). The clinical and biological behavior of CD remains poorly elucidated. Here, we analyzed the clinicopathologic features of 74 patients (43 with UCD and 31 with iMCD) and therapeutic response of 96 patients (43 with UCD and 53 with iMCD) with HIV-/HHV-8-negative CD compared with 51 HIV-/HHV-8-positive patients. Systemic inflammatory symptoms and elevated inflammatory factors were more common in iMCD patients than UCD patients. Abnormal bone marrow features were more frequent in iMCD (77.0%) than UCD (45%); the most frequent was plasmacytosis, which was seen in 3% to 30.4% of marrow cells. In the lymph nodes, higher numbers of CD3+ lymphocytes (median, 58.88 ± 20.57) and lower frequency of CD19+/CD5+ (median, 5.88 ± 6.52) were observed in iMCD patients compared with UCD patients (median CD3+ cells, 43.19 ± 17.37; median CD19+/CD5+ cells, 17.37 ± 15.80). Complete surgical resection is a better option for patients with UCD. Siltuximab had a greater proportion of complete responses and longer progression-free survival (PFS) for iMCD than rituximab. Centricity, histopathological type, and anemia significantly impacted PFS. This study reveals that CD represents a heterogeneous group of diseases with differential immunophenotypic profiling and treatment response.

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Citation

Published Version (Please cite this version)

10.1182/blood-2016-11-748855

Publication Info

Yu, Li, Meifeng Tu, Jorge Cortes, Zijun Y Xu-Monette, Roberto N Miranda, Jun Zhang, Robert Z Orlowski, Sattva Neelapu, et al. (2017). Clinical and pathological characteristics of HIV- and HHV-8-negative Castleman disease. Blood, 129(12). pp. 1658–1668. 10.1182/blood-2016-11-748855 Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/19333.

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Scholars@Duke

Xu-Monette

Zijun Yidan Xu-Monette

Assistant Professor in Pathology

My research efforts have been focused on identifying prognostic and therapeutic biomarkers in B-cell lymphoma. My research interests also include investigation of molecular and immune mechanisms underlying the poor clinical outcomes of lymphoma, the pathogenesis and evolution of drug resistant clones, and development of novel therapies for aggressive B-cell lymphoma.

Young

Ken H Young

Professor of Pathology

I am a clinically-oriented diagnostic physician with clinical expertise in the pathologic diagnosis of hematologic cancers including tumors of the bone marrow, lymphoid tissue, spleen and pre-malignant hematologic conditions. Another area of interest is blood cancer classification with molecular and genetic profiling. In the research program, we focus on molecular mechanisms of tumor progression, cell-of-origin, biomarkers, and novel therapeutic strategies in lymphoma, myeloma and leukemia. In addition to patient care and translational research, medical education and communication are also part of focus. I provide persistent support for the physician-scientist program and Blood Cancer Pathology program in the department and cancer center. Many residents, fellows, graduates and postdocs have worked and been trained in our program. We perform comprehensive clinical and research functions that include bone marrow, lymphoma pathology, clinical flow cytometry, cytogenetics, molecular diagnostics and outside services.

I am currently the director of hematopathology division that provides diagnostic consultation services and relevant specialized testing for patients with various types of acute and chronic leukemia, lymphoma and benign hematologic disorders. I am specialized in the diagnosis of hematological disorders, including acute and chronic leukemias, myelodysplastic syndromes, myeloproliferative neoplasms, B and T-cell lymphomas, Hodgkin lymphoma, cutaneous and orbital lymphomas and benign bone marrow and lymph node disorders. 

Our clinical and research collaborative groups have been supported by various funding resources since 2006 and have published more than 300 original peer-reviewed articles and review articles, many in high- impact journals (Nature Clin Onc Rev, JCO, JAMA, Lancet, Blood, JHO, Leukemia and Clinical Cancer Research). The contributions to the hematology field include the development of novel diagnostic algorithms, molecular and genetic biomarkers for classification of blood cancer, lymphoid neoplasms and lymphoid diseases.


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