Discussing Cervical Cancer Screening Options: Outcomes to Guide Conversations Between Patients and Providers.
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2020-07
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Purpose. In 2018, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) endorsed three strategies for cervical cancer screening in women ages 30 to 65: cytology every 3 years, testing for high-risk types of human papillomavirus (hrHPV) every 5 years, and cytology plus hrHPV testing (co-testing) every 5 years. It further recommended that women discuss with health care providers which testing strategy is best for them. To inform such discussions, we used decision analysis to estimate outcomes of screening strategies recommended for women at age 30. Methods. We constructed a Markov decision model using estimates of the natural history of HPV and cervical neoplasia. We evaluated the three USPSTF-endorsed strategies, hrHPV testing every 3 years and no screening. Outcomes included colposcopies with biopsy, false-positive testing (a colposcopy in which no cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse was found), treatments, cancers, and cancer mortality expressed per 10,000 women over a shorter-than-lifetime horizon (15-year). Results. All strategies resulted in substantially lower cancer and cancer death rates compared with no screening. Strategies with the lowest likelihood of cancer and cancer death generally had higher likelihood of colposcopy and false-positive testing. Conclusions. The screening strategies we evaluated involved tradeoffs in terms of benefits and harms. Because individual women may place different weights on these projected outcomes, the optimal choice for each woman may best be discerned through shared decision making.
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Holt, Hunter K, Shalini Kulasingam, Erinn C Sanstead, Fernando Alarid-Escudero, Karen Smith-McCune, Steven E Gregorich, Michael J Silverberg, Megan J Huchko, et al. (2020). Discussing Cervical Cancer Screening Options: Outcomes to Guide Conversations Between Patients and Providers. MDM policy & practice, 5(2). p. 2381468320952409. 10.1177/2381468320952409 Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/21565.
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Megan Justine Huchko
Megan Huchko, MD, MPH, holds a dual appointment as an Associate Professor in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and the Duke Global Health Institute. Dr. Huchko was an undergraduate at Duke before moving to New York City to complete medical school at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, and residency training at Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center. She completed her fellowship in Reproductive Infectious Disease the University of California, San Francisco, and was a faculty member there.
Dr. Huchko practices as an ob/gyn generalist and specializes in cervical cancer prevention through her clinical work and global women’s health research. Her research focuses on optimizing the diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer among vulnerable women in settings where health disparities occur. She has been working with the Family AIDS Care and Education Services (FACES) program in the Nyanza Province of western Kenya since 2006.
She designed and implemented a cervical cancer screening and prevention (CCSP) program for HIV-infected women enrolled in care at FACES. The CCSP program has provided a clinical resource, as well as a cohort to evaluate the epidemiology of cervical cancer among HIV-infected women, the feasibility of integrating cervical cancer prevention programs into HIV and general outpatient clinics, the safety of various diagnostic and treatment modalities, the efficacy of low-cost/low-resource screening modalities in HIV-infected women and provider and patient-level barriers and facilitators to uptake of cervical cancer prevention activities.
Currently, she is carrying out several large studies in central Uganda and western Kenya to evaluate the optimal implementation strategy for HPV-based cervical cancer screening in rural settings. At Duke, she leads the Center of Excellence in Global Women’s Health through the Global Health Institute and serves as Director for the Ob/Gyn Clinical Research Unit (CRU).
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