Jim Crow, Ethnic Enclaves, and Status Attainment: Occupational Mobility among U.S. Blacks, 1880-1940

dc.contributor.author

Ruef, M

dc.contributor.author

Grigoryeva, Angelina

dc.date.accessioned

2023-02-09T16:16:22Z

dc.date.available

2023-02-09T16:16:22Z

dc.date.issued

2018

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2023-02-09T16:16:21Z

dc.description.abstract

Demographic and ecological theories yieldmixed evidence as to whether ethnic enclaves are a benefit or a hindrance to the status attainment of residents and entrepreneurs. This article provides one possible theoretical resolution by separating the positive effects that may emanate among co-ethnic neighbors from the negative effects that may resultwith the concentration of racial or ethnic groups. The theory is tested by analyzing occupational wage attainment and entrepreneurship among African-Americans between 1880 and 1940, a historical context in which Jim Crow laws imposed segregation exogenously. Drawing on crosssectional and panel census data for representative samples of blacks in theUnited States, the results suggest consistent upward occupational mobilityamong residents with same-race neighbors, accompanied with downward mobility among residents who are concentrated in larger racialized enclaves. Both patterns are also observed in the distribution of entrepreneurial activity among blacks during the Jim Crow era.

dc.identifier.issn

1537-5390

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1537-5390

dc.identifier.uri

https://hdl.handle.net/10161/26599

dc.language

en

dc.publisher

University of Chicago Press

dc.relation.ispartof

American Journal of Sociology

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10.1086/701020

dc.subject

Social Sciences

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Sociology

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RESIDENTIAL SEGREGATION

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RACIAL SEGREGATION

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IMMIGRANT ENCLAVES

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NORTHERN CITIES

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NEW-YORK

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ENTREPRENEURSHIP

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ENTERPRISE

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NEIGHBORHOODS

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DETERMINANTS

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COMMUNITIES

dc.title

Jim Crow, Ethnic Enclaves, and Status Attainment: Occupational Mobility among U.S. Blacks, 1880-1940

dc.type

Journal article

duke.contributor.orcid

Ruef, M|0000-0002-8134-1514

pubs.begin-page

814

pubs.end-page

859

pubs.issue

3

pubs.organisational-group

Duke

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Trinity College of Arts & Sciences

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Sociology

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Institutes and Provost's Academic Units

pubs.organisational-group

Initiatives

pubs.organisational-group

Duke Innovation & Entrepreneurship

pubs.publication-status

Published

pubs.volume

124

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